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Violence and sex integration
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Violence and sex integration may occur, although in a workplace environment promoting investment in sex-neutral, nonviolent skills is a mechanism that may produce sex integration. Often as the minority sex or completely excluded sex moves even as few as one at a time into a social endeavor, activity, or society, the individual or small group is met with violence. Attributing relative meaning to gender or sex may transcend a belief in the reality of gender or sex so as to reduce sex segregation and dominance by exclusively males or females, that may result in violence. Sex integration Sex integration is the intermixing of people or groups previously segregated on the basis of sex. Automatic sex integration may occur in humans naturally as indicated by studies of such early peoples as the San of southern Africa, where individuals of either sex are relatively equal and the society egalitarian "The Bushmen are perhaps unusual among human societies in that they attach no value to fighting." Violence Violence is the expression of physical or verbal force against self or other, compelling action against one's will on pain of being hurt. Worldwide, violence is used as a tool of manipulation and also is an area of concern for law and culture which make attempts to suppress and stop it. The word violence covers a broad spectrum. It can vary from a physical altercation between two beings where a slight injury may be the outcome to war and genocide where millions may die as a result. Violence in sport There are women hockey players of apparently comparable ability to the men in the National Hockey League (NHL), for example, Hayley Wickenheiser. However, Wickenheiser apparently has little interest in playing in the NHL because of the violence during play. Though these statements appear to express a desirable concern for female safety and the quality of sport, they fly in the face of the fact that in every test case so far, the ability and competitiveness of the female athletes involved were never an issue. When these same men compete in the gender-integrated sport of cheerleading, they positively reformulate their attitudes toward women. In some countries, trains have designated women-only passenger cars. In India, for example, seats and compartments are reserved for women commuting to work in buses, trains, metros and by many other means as a pilot program to reduce taunting and harassment by men. Entire railway compartments are reserved for females, where men are not allowed to enter. Kolkata Metro Railways started the practice of reserving two entire compartments for females. There are even whole trains only for women. Violence as a male preserve Men's greater physical strength and hardihood on average tend to preserve violence in all or most of its forms for them. The more women there are in any branch of police or any armed force, the less likely it is to engage in serious military operations. In Israel, with respect to the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), the 2000 Equality amendment to the Military Service law states "The right of women to serve in any role in the IDF is equal to the right of men." Violence and intimate relationships When it comes to intimate relationships, violence is not a male preserve but is fully sex integrated, although some distinct forms of sex segregation still occur. The majority of experience with violence in a dating relationship has been found to be reciprocal in nature with both parties (male and female) violent at some time. When the violence is not reciprocal, males are three times as likely to report victim-only experiences than females. For males, a lack of conflict skills may be associated with IPV and generally to situations outside a relationship.
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