List of Iranian dynasties and countries

The following is an incomplete list of historical dynasties which were at some time Iranian or the country they ruled were Iranian-speaking and of modern countries with significant Iranian populations or with an official Iranian language. The Iranians comprise the Persians, Medes, Scythians, Kurds, Bactrians, Pashtuns, Tajiks, Baloch, Parthians, Sarmatians, Alans, Ossetians, Cimerians, and much more.

Current states

Independent states

• Iran

• Tajikistan

• Afghanistan

Federal subjects of Russia

• North Ossetia-Alania

Autonomous regions

• Iraqi Kurdistan in Iraq

• South Ossetia in Georgia

Historical confederation of tribes and Iranian dynasties

• Kambojas
• Scythians
• Cimmerians
• Kidarites
• Xionites
• Dahae
• Huna people
• Sarmatians
• Saka
• Sogdiana
• The Pahlavas
• Massagetaeans
• Roxolani
• Siraces
• Iazyges
• Bulgars (Nomadic people of Iranian and Turkic origin.

Europe

• Alania

Direct Iranian dynasties

• Medes (ca. 678 BCE–549 BCE) Of Median origin
• Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC) Of Persian origin
• Atropatene (320s BC–3rd century AD) Of Persian origin
• Parthian Empire (247 BC–224 AD) Of Parthian origin
• Indo-Scythians (200 BCE–400 AD) Of Scythian origin
• Indo-Parthian Kingdom (12 BC–before 100 AD?) Of Parthian origin
• Sasanian Empire (224–651) Of Persian origin
• Afrighids (305–995) Of Khwarezmian origin
• Dabuyid dynasty (642–760) Of Persian and Tabari origin
• Masmughans of Damavand (650–760) Of Parthian origin
• Bavand dynasty (665–1349) Of Parthian origin
• Paduspanids (665-1598) Of Persian and Tabari origin
• Justanids (791-974)
• Shirvanshah (799-1607) Originally of Arabic origin, but speedily Persianized within their culturally Persian environment.
• Samanids (819–999) Of Persian origin
• Tahirid dynasty (821–873) Of Persian origin
• Banijurids (848-908) Of Persian origin
• Saffarid dynasty (861–1003) Of Persian origin
• Sajid dynasty (889/890–929) Of Sogdian origin
• Farighunids (10th century-1010) of Persian origin
• Sallarid dynasty (919–1062) Of Dailamite origin
• Ziyarid dynasty (931–1090) Of Dailamite origin
• Banu Ilyas (932–968) Of Sogdian origin
• Buyid dynasty (934–1055) Of Dailamite origin
• Shaddadids (951–1174) Of Kurdish origin
• Ma'munids (995–1017) Of Khwarezmian origin
• Kakuyids (1008–1141) Of Dailamite origin
• Nasrid dynasty (1029-1225) Of Persian origin
• Ghurid Dynasty (1011–1215) Of Tajik origin
• Atabegs of Yazd (1141–1319) Of Persian origin
• Ayyubid dynasty (1171–1341) Of Kurdish origin
• Mihrabanids (1236–1537) Of Persian origin
• Kurt Dynasty (1244-1381) Of Tajik origin
• Afrasiab dynasty (1349-1504) Of Iranian
• Safavid dynasty (1501–1736) Of Kurdish and Turkic origin
• Zand dynasty (1750–1794) Of Luri origin
• Afsharid dynasty (1736–1796) Iranian dynasty of Turkic origin
• Hotaki dynasty (1709–1738) Of Pashtun origin
• Durrani Empire (1747–1862) Of Pashtun origin
• Barakzai dynasty (1826-1973) Of Pashtun origin

Persianate or Turko-Persian states

Some Turko-Persian states were founded in Greater Iran.

• Ghaznavid Empire (962–1187) (ruled by a thoroughly Persianized family of Turkic mamluk origin)
• Great Seljuk Empire (1073–1307) (ruled by a predominantly Persian-speaking clan of originally Oghuz Turkic descent. The majority of the population was Iranian.)
• Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm (1077–1307)
• Khwarezmian Empire (ruled by a family of Turkic mamluk origin.)
• Timurid dynasty (1370–1506) (Persianized dynasty of Turko-Mongol origin)
• Mamluk dynasty (1206–90; Persian-speaking)
• Khilji dynasty (1290-1320; Persian-speaking, Turko-Afghan)
• Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1413; Persian-speaking)
• Qutb Shahi dynasty (1518-1687; Persian-speaking)
• Mughal Empire (Built and ruled by the Baburid dynasty of Turkicized Mongol origin, with the adoption of the Persian culture and language).
• Qajar dynasty (1785–1925) (A Persianized Iranian dynasty of originally Turkic Oghuz descent which ruled Persia).

Former and defunct Iranian governments

• Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (1953-1991)

• Talysh-Mughan Autonomous Republic (1920–1924)

• Republic of Ararat (1927–1930)

• Autonomous Government of Khorasan (1921)

See also

• Iranian peoples
• Iranian languages
• Nomadic empire