The Warcraft universe is a fictional universe in which a series of games and books published by Blizzard Entertainment are set. Players were first introduced to the world of Azeroth in the original Warcraft: Orcs & Humans. This world exists in an ethereal plane called The Twisting Nether. In this universe's history, inter-world travel is rare, but can be achieved using magical portals. Known worlds include Azeroth, Draenor, Argus, K'aresh, and Xoroth.
Concept and creation
The background, plot, and setting, like most Blizzard games, bear notable resemblance to tabletop games such as Warhammer Fantasy Battle by Games Workshop, and Dungeons & Dragons from TSR, Inc (later bought out by Wizards of the Coast in 1997). It's said that Blizzard offered the first Warcraft game to Games Workshop as a game based on the Warhammer universe, but Games Workshop turned them down. The fantasy works of J. R. R. Tolkien also served as a foundation; many of the races are patterned after Tolkien's, and the Elvish languages used in the game, Thalassian and Darnassian ) are made to sound like Sindarin and Quenya, the Elvish languages used in The Lord of the Rings. However, large portions of the setting are drawn from modern-day sources and references, ranging from Star Trek, Star Wars (Toshley's Station), to the Cthulhu Mythos, to Thundercats, to third-world proxy wars.
Geography
The majority of media in the Warcraft universe takes place upon a planet called Azeroth. This planet has four continents, named Azeroth, Lordaeron, Kalimdor, and Northrend, all of which are separated by a giant ocean called the Great Sea. In the center of the Great Sea is a humongous, everlasting vortex called the Maelstrom, and there are also several small islands aside from the three main continents throughout the sea.
The Eastern Kingdoms, the conjoined eastern continents of Azeroth and Lordaeron, is the primary home of the Alliance faction. The landmass is varied, though mostly traditional fantasy-based, and divided into four kingdoms. From north to south:
*Quel'Thalas, a High Elven (now Blood Elven) kingdom that has lost most of its former glory.
*Lordaeron, a former human kingdom that has been overrun by undead which shares its name with this northern continent of the Eastern Kingdoms.
*Khaz Modan, a Dwarf kingdom.
*Stormwind, the last unspoiled human kingdom.
The continent of Kalimdor is an ancient wilderness; the upper half is a mostly peaceful, magical forest where the Night Elf race dwells (or used to dwell), while the lower half is mostly plains, waste and desert where various primitive and/or nomadic races live. Kalimdor is the primary home of the Horde faction. The kingdoms and upper/lower halves of the continents are further divided into smaller regions which in turn are divided into sub-regions (particular geographic features or sites of interest, such as woods or dungeons).
The third continent, Northrend, is an icy continent in the north of Azeroth, comparable to Scandinavia. Northrend is featured in Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos and its expansion set, and will feature in World of Warcraft: Wrath of the Lich King, the second expansion pack to World of Warcraft.
Second in importance to Azeroth is the planet of Draenor. The original homeland of the Orc race and the Ogre race, this world was torn apart when an Orc warlock named Ner'zhul opened too many gateways to other worlds, causing it to crumble and phase into the mysterious dimension called the Twisting Nether. The remnants of the world are now known as Outland, and it features in Warcraft II: Beyond the Dark Portal and Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne, and most prominently in World of Warcraft' s first expansion World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade.
Other planets in the universe include Argus, the original home-world of the Eredar race; K'aresh, the original home-world of the Ethereal race; and Xoroth, the home-world of the Nathrezim and Dreadsteeds. The planet of Azeroth has two moons, named White Lady and Blue Child; and Draenor/Outland, according to the skies seen in the Burning Crusade expansion pack, has dozens of moons (though they might just be other visible planets).
Places beyond the planets include the Great Dark Beyond, Warcraft's equivalent of outer space; the Emerald Dream, a dream-scape resembling what Azeroth would look like if animals or sentient races had never in any way altered it; an Elemental Plane where the elemental lieutenants of the malevolent deities called the Old Gods are banished; and the Dark Below, a hellish, little-referenced underworld the canon of which is debatable.
Races in Warcraft
The main races of the Warcraft universe include a standard variety of fantasy species. In the original Warcraft computer game, there were campaigns for both humans and orcs, and Warcraft II added high elves, dwarves, trolls, ogres, goblins and dragons. Warcraft III added the night elf and tauren races, as well as the undead, the fish-like naga, and many others.
The MMORPG World of Warcraft has ten playable races, divided into two factions, the Alliance and the Horde. The Alliance is comprised of Humans, Night Elves, Gnomes, Dwarves, and the new Draenei. For the Horde the races are Orcs, Trolls, Forsaken Undead, Tauren, and the new Blood Elves. The "new" races were made available with the Burning Crusade Expansion. In addition, there are neutral races like sporelings, goblins, and etherals. Well known and hostile races include the Naga and Murlocs.
Organizations
Within the Warcraft universe allegiances are most likely to be formed between characters of the same race. Most races have warred with one another during their history, so cooperation between races has been difficult. Cooperation has also seem to be only likely at times of great peril, where worldwide destruction was imminent. However, there are some organizations that exist outside racial lines. These organizations are brought upon narrow common goals, such as the preservation of nature or the advancement of mining technology.
Media set in the Warcraft universe
Computer games
* Warcraft: Orcs & Humans (1994)
* Warcraft II: Tides of Darkness (1995)
* Warcraft II: Beyond the Dark Portal (1996) - expansion pack to Tides of Darkness
* Warcraft II: Battle.net Edition (1999) - allowed online play of Warcraft II on Battle.net
* Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos (2002)
* Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne (2003) - expansion pack to Reign of Chaos
* World of Warcraft - MMORPG (2004)
* World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade (2007) - expansion pack to World of Warcraft
* World of Warcraft: Wrath of the Lich King (2008) - announced second expansion to World of Warcraft
Other
* Warcraft Adventures: Lord of the Clans - adventure game, canceled
Other media
Tabletop games
* Warcraft: The Board Game - a strateic board game from Fantasy Flight Games, based heavily on Warcraft III
* Warcraft: The Roleplaying Game - role-playing game from Sword & Sorcery
* World of Warcraft: The Board Game - a board game based on World of Warcraft, also by Fantasy Flight Games
Collectible card games
* World of Warcraft Trading Card Game - 2006
Books
* Warcraft: Day of the Dragon
* Warcraft: Lord of the Clans
* Warcraft: Of Blood and Honor
* Warcraft: The Last Guardian
* Warcraft: War of the Ancients Trilogy
* Warcraft: The Sunwell Trilogy
* World of Warcraft: Cycle of Hatred
* World of Warcraft: Rise of the Horde
* World of Warcraft: Tides of Darkness
Film adaptation
In May 2006, production company Legendary Pictures acquired film rights to adapt Warcraft for the big screen with the game's publisher, Blizzard Entertainment. Blizzard had originally considered hiring a scribe for the film adaptation before teaming up with Legendary Pictures. The companies plan to create a film that would not follow one specific Warcraft games' storyline, but would still take place in the fantasy universe. According to Blizzard's Chief Operating Officer Paul Sams, the film's budget would be over $100 million.
In June 2007, Legendary Pictures chairman Thomas Tull said that the studio was working closely with Blizzard's designers and writers to adapt World of Warcraft. Tull explained the desire to have a good story for the film adaptation, "I think some of the stuff that makes a game translate well... if there's a lore, if there's a road and story and a world that's been created, and characters that are interesting in a way that's more than just point and shoot." World of Warcrafts lead designer Rob Pardo expressed interest in being able to adapt the intellectual property of World of Warcraft to the appropriate medium of the film. He also added that the designers were collaborating with Legendary Pictures on story and script development.
In August 2007, at BlizzCon, it was unveiled that the film will aim for a projected 2009 release. It was also revealed that the movie will take place from an Alliance perspective and will be geared towards a PG-13 audience, with a storyline set one year before the beginning of the World of Warcraft storyline. As of this time no director or cast are yet associated with its development. Thomas Tull stated that, "It’s not so much a quest movie. It’s more of a war movie."
Concept and creation
The background, plot, and setting, like most Blizzard games, bear notable resemblance to tabletop games such as Warhammer Fantasy Battle by Games Workshop, and Dungeons & Dragons from TSR, Inc (later bought out by Wizards of the Coast in 1997). It's said that Blizzard offered the first Warcraft game to Games Workshop as a game based on the Warhammer universe, but Games Workshop turned them down. The fantasy works of J. R. R. Tolkien also served as a foundation; many of the races are patterned after Tolkien's, and the Elvish languages used in the game, Thalassian and Darnassian ) are made to sound like Sindarin and Quenya, the Elvish languages used in The Lord of the Rings. However, large portions of the setting are drawn from modern-day sources and references, ranging from Star Trek, Star Wars (Toshley's Station), to the Cthulhu Mythos, to Thundercats, to third-world proxy wars.
Geography
The majority of media in the Warcraft universe takes place upon a planet called Azeroth. This planet has four continents, named Azeroth, Lordaeron, Kalimdor, and Northrend, all of which are separated by a giant ocean called the Great Sea. In the center of the Great Sea is a humongous, everlasting vortex called the Maelstrom, and there are also several small islands aside from the three main continents throughout the sea.
The Eastern Kingdoms, the conjoined eastern continents of Azeroth and Lordaeron, is the primary home of the Alliance faction. The landmass is varied, though mostly traditional fantasy-based, and divided into four kingdoms. From north to south:
*Quel'Thalas, a High Elven (now Blood Elven) kingdom that has lost most of its former glory.
*Lordaeron, a former human kingdom that has been overrun by undead which shares its name with this northern continent of the Eastern Kingdoms.
*Khaz Modan, a Dwarf kingdom.
*Stormwind, the last unspoiled human kingdom.
The continent of Kalimdor is an ancient wilderness; the upper half is a mostly peaceful, magical forest where the Night Elf race dwells (or used to dwell), while the lower half is mostly plains, waste and desert where various primitive and/or nomadic races live. Kalimdor is the primary home of the Horde faction. The kingdoms and upper/lower halves of the continents are further divided into smaller regions which in turn are divided into sub-regions (particular geographic features or sites of interest, such as woods or dungeons).
The third continent, Northrend, is an icy continent in the north of Azeroth, comparable to Scandinavia. Northrend is featured in Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos and its expansion set, and will feature in World of Warcraft: Wrath of the Lich King, the second expansion pack to World of Warcraft.
Second in importance to Azeroth is the planet of Draenor. The original homeland of the Orc race and the Ogre race, this world was torn apart when an Orc warlock named Ner'zhul opened too many gateways to other worlds, causing it to crumble and phase into the mysterious dimension called the Twisting Nether. The remnants of the world are now known as Outland, and it features in Warcraft II: Beyond the Dark Portal and Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne, and most prominently in World of Warcraft
Other planets in the universe include Argus, the original home-world of the Eredar race; K'aresh, the original home-world of the Ethereal race; and Xoroth, the home-world of the Nathrezim and Dreadsteeds. The planet of Azeroth has two moons, named White Lady and Blue Child; and Draenor/Outland, according to the skies seen in the Burning Crusade expansion pack, has dozens of moons (though they might just be other visible planets).
Places beyond the planets include the Great Dark Beyond, Warcraft's equivalent of outer space; the Emerald Dream, a dream-scape resembling what Azeroth would look like if animals or sentient races had never in any way altered it; an Elemental Plane where the elemental lieutenants of the malevolent deities called the Old Gods are banished; and the Dark Below, a hellish, little-referenced underworld the canon of which is debatable.
Races in Warcraft
The main races of the Warcraft universe include a standard variety of fantasy species. In the original Warcraft computer game, there were campaigns for both humans and orcs, and Warcraft II added high elves, dwarves, trolls, ogres, goblins and dragons. Warcraft III added the night elf and tauren races, as well as the undead, the fish-like naga, and many others.
The MMORPG World of Warcraft has ten playable races, divided into two factions, the Alliance and the Horde. The Alliance is comprised of Humans, Night Elves, Gnomes, Dwarves, and the new Draenei. For the Horde the races are Orcs, Trolls, Forsaken Undead, Tauren, and the new Blood Elves. The "new" races were made available with the Burning Crusade Expansion. In addition, there are neutral races like sporelings, goblins, and etherals. Well known and hostile races include the Naga and Murlocs.
Organizations
Within the Warcraft universe allegiances are most likely to be formed between characters of the same race. Most races have warred with one another during their history, so cooperation between races has been difficult. Cooperation has also seem to be only likely at times of great peril, where worldwide destruction was imminent. However, there are some organizations that exist outside racial lines. These organizations are brought upon narrow common goals, such as the preservation of nature or the advancement of mining technology.
Media set in the Warcraft universe
Computer games
* Warcraft: Orcs & Humans (1994)
* Warcraft II: Tides of Darkness (1995)
* Warcraft II: Beyond the Dark Portal (1996) - expansion pack to Tides of Darkness
* Warcraft II: Battle.net Edition (1999) - allowed online play of Warcraft II on Battle.net
* Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos (2002)
* Warcraft III: The Frozen Throne (2003) - expansion pack to Reign of Chaos
* World of Warcraft - MMORPG (2004)
* World of Warcraft: The Burning Crusade (2007) - expansion pack to World of Warcraft
* World of Warcraft: Wrath of the Lich King (2008) - announced second expansion to World of Warcraft
Other
* Warcraft Adventures: Lord of the Clans - adventure game, canceled
Other media
Tabletop games
* Warcraft: The Board Game - a strateic board game from Fantasy Flight Games, based heavily on Warcraft III
* Warcraft: The Roleplaying Game - role-playing game from Sword & Sorcery
* World of Warcraft: The Board Game - a board game based on World of Warcraft, also by Fantasy Flight Games
Collectible card games
* World of Warcraft Trading Card Game - 2006
Books
* Warcraft: Day of the Dragon
* Warcraft: Lord of the Clans
* Warcraft: Of Blood and Honor
* Warcraft: The Last Guardian
* Warcraft: War of the Ancients Trilogy
* Warcraft: The Sunwell Trilogy
* World of Warcraft: Cycle of Hatred
* World of Warcraft: Rise of the Horde
* World of Warcraft: Tides of Darkness
Film adaptation
In May 2006, production company Legendary Pictures acquired film rights to adapt Warcraft for the big screen with the game's publisher, Blizzard Entertainment. Blizzard had originally considered hiring a scribe for the film adaptation before teaming up with Legendary Pictures. The companies plan to create a film that would not follow one specific Warcraft games' storyline, but would still take place in the fantasy universe. According to Blizzard's Chief Operating Officer Paul Sams, the film's budget would be over $100 million.
In June 2007, Legendary Pictures chairman Thomas Tull said that the studio was working closely with Blizzard's designers and writers to adapt World of Warcraft. Tull explained the desire to have a good story for the film adaptation, "I think some of the stuff that makes a game translate well... if there's a lore, if there's a road and story and a world that's been created, and characters that are interesting in a way that's more than just point and shoot." World of Warcrafts lead designer Rob Pardo expressed interest in being able to adapt the intellectual property of World of Warcraft to the appropriate medium of the film. He also added that the designers were collaborating with Legendary Pictures on story and script development.
In August 2007, at BlizzCon, it was unveiled that the film will aim for a projected 2009 release. It was also revealed that the movie will take place from an Alliance perspective and will be geared towards a PG-13 audience, with a storyline set one year before the beginning of the World of Warcraft storyline. As of this time no director or cast are yet associated with its development. Thomas Tull stated that, "It’s not so much a quest movie. It’s more of a war movie."
Cottesloe Band Nights
Cottesloe Band Nights is an exciting new music event in the heart of Buckinghamshire. The event takes place at Cottesloe School in Wing, Buckinghamshire. One of the main focuses of the event is to showcase local and independent talent, with bands ranging from screaming hardcore to indie funk.
The diverse range of music gives the events great atmosphere. The Band Nights are renowned for picking local talent the organisers know the crowds will love. Not necessarily just the good bands, but the bands with unprecedented stage-presence.
About
Coming into being at the end of 2006, The first event was organised as a special Christmas event to raise funds for an American Exchange Student who had visited the school, Rob. Rob had been involved in a tragic accident once he had left the School and travelled back to America, and unfortunately broke his neck, leaving him severely paralyzed.
The main reason Cottesloe Band Nights was created was to create funds to help financially support Rob’s Family. The money raised from the first event was then sent on to Himself and his Family, to help pay for creating wheelchair access for his home and van. Now the event organisers have committed themselves to carry on creating more shows, to help a variety of different charities, with the intention of finding a new cause for every gig.
This way, they intend to help many different people in a variety of different ways. With each event hopefully personally connecting with a member of the audience or the musicians playing the event.
The event itself has two main organisers, who to the audience and to everyone else except crew members and performers are known as 'Michael' and 'Jack'. Wether these are pseudo-names is unclear, but they are constantly referred to in these terms.
Michael and Jack are Students at the Cottesloe School, currently studying for their A-Levels. They are self-confessed Music addicts, and created the event not just as a way of supporting charities, community and friends, but also as a way of showcasing local talent, and satisfying the growing local Music scene. The Music scene in Aylesbury has grown considerably recently, with many events and bands appearing all over the vale. Cottesloe Band Nights provide a great venue with great bands, great atmosphere, and great people.
Bands
The diverse range of music gives the events great atmosphere. Event organisers pick local talent that they know the crowds will love. Not necessarily just the good bands, but the bands with unprecedented stage-presence.
Last year, the first event went down with great reception. Local rockers Andensum ended up being signed by a large independent record label; Crash Records, on the night, because of the performance they put on for the event. Partly because of this, the event has a great local following and respect dispite its irregular and rare number of events.
List of performers
The event has an impressive and extensive list of acts that have played, and are as follows:
Simple Reason are a five piece Alternative, Christian, and Rock band from London and South-East.
Andensum are a Metal, Rock, and Progressive band from Oxford.
Mirno are a Rock, Alternative, and Grunge band from the Aylesbury Vale.
Red 64 are a Rock, Funk, and Indie band from the Aylesbury Vale.
When Worlds Collide are a Metal, Rock, and Progressive band from the Aylesbury Vale.
The Search are an Indie, Rock band from the Aylesbury Vale.
Fat Alice are an Indie, Funk, and Ska band from the Aylesbury Vale.
Auto: off are an Metal, Rock, and Screamo band from the Aylesbury Vale.
Future
The event organisers hope to take the event in a variety of different direction over the next year. One major change they would like to see is a more diverse range of bands playing, to attract a greater audience.
At present, the event is a constant sell-out, with tickets sold on the door, and people being turned away. The venue at current has just seen a £45,000 refurbishment and renovation. The Hall it is currently held in has had a slight extension, with the stage space being extended. There has also been a brand new Lighting Rig installed, which is very impressive and will lend to the atmosphere tremendously. On top of this there has also been a new Sound system installed, with new speakers, sound monitors, sound desk as well as new peripherals such as Microphones as well as XLR cables.
Despite this, the event organisers may in fact be planning to move to a larger venue, as demand for tickets and entry to the event at the current venue increase. At the moment, the organisers are happy to remain where they are.
As well as this, the event is also looking to book even more popular and well-known bands then at present. Despite the popularity of the gig and the Musicians that play, event organisers are constantly looking to better themselves and take the event forward.
Cottesloe Band Nights is an exciting new music event in the heart of Buckinghamshire. The event takes place at Cottesloe School in Wing, Buckinghamshire. One of the main focuses of the event is to showcase local and independent talent, with bands ranging from screaming hardcore to indie funk.
The diverse range of music gives the events great atmosphere. The Band Nights are renowned for picking local talent the organisers know the crowds will love. Not necessarily just the good bands, but the bands with unprecedented stage-presence.
About
Coming into being at the end of 2006, The first event was organised as a special Christmas event to raise funds for an American Exchange Student who had visited the school, Rob. Rob had been involved in a tragic accident once he had left the School and travelled back to America, and unfortunately broke his neck, leaving him severely paralyzed.
The main reason Cottesloe Band Nights was created was to create funds to help financially support Rob’s Family. The money raised from the first event was then sent on to Himself and his Family, to help pay for creating wheelchair access for his home and van. Now the event organisers have committed themselves to carry on creating more shows, to help a variety of different charities, with the intention of finding a new cause for every gig.
This way, they intend to help many different people in a variety of different ways. With each event hopefully personally connecting with a member of the audience or the musicians playing the event.
The event itself has two main organisers, who to the audience and to everyone else except crew members and performers are known as 'Michael' and 'Jack'. Wether these are pseudo-names is unclear, but they are constantly referred to in these terms.
Michael and Jack are Students at the Cottesloe School, currently studying for their A-Levels. They are self-confessed Music addicts, and created the event not just as a way of supporting charities, community and friends, but also as a way of showcasing local talent, and satisfying the growing local Music scene. The Music scene in Aylesbury has grown considerably recently, with many events and bands appearing all over the vale. Cottesloe Band Nights provide a great venue with great bands, great atmosphere, and great people.
Bands
The diverse range of music gives the events great atmosphere. Event organisers pick local talent that they know the crowds will love. Not necessarily just the good bands, but the bands with unprecedented stage-presence.
Last year, the first event went down with great reception. Local rockers Andensum ended up being signed by a large independent record label; Crash Records, on the night, because of the performance they put on for the event. Partly because of this, the event has a great local following and respect dispite its irregular and rare number of events.
List of performers
The event has an impressive and extensive list of acts that have played, and are as follows:
Simple Reason are a five piece Alternative, Christian, and Rock band from London and South-East.
Andensum are a Metal, Rock, and Progressive band from Oxford.
Mirno are a Rock, Alternative, and Grunge band from the Aylesbury Vale.
Red 64 are a Rock, Funk, and Indie band from the Aylesbury Vale.
When Worlds Collide are a Metal, Rock, and Progressive band from the Aylesbury Vale.
The Search are an Indie, Rock band from the Aylesbury Vale.
Fat Alice are an Indie, Funk, and Ska band from the Aylesbury Vale.
Auto: off are an Metal, Rock, and Screamo band from the Aylesbury Vale.
Future
The event organisers hope to take the event in a variety of different direction over the next year. One major change they would like to see is a more diverse range of bands playing, to attract a greater audience.
At present, the event is a constant sell-out, with tickets sold on the door, and people being turned away. The venue at current has just seen a £45,000 refurbishment and renovation. The Hall it is currently held in has had a slight extension, with the stage space being extended. There has also been a brand new Lighting Rig installed, which is very impressive and will lend to the atmosphere tremendously. On top of this there has also been a new Sound system installed, with new speakers, sound monitors, sound desk as well as new peripherals such as Microphones as well as XLR cables.
Despite this, the event organisers may in fact be planning to move to a larger venue, as demand for tickets and entry to the event at the current venue increase. At the moment, the organisers are happy to remain where they are.
As well as this, the event is also looking to book even more popular and well-known bands then at present. Despite the popularity of the gig and the Musicians that play, event organisers are constantly looking to better themselves and take the event forward.
Jal Culluh is a fictional extraterrestrial villain who appeared in the first two seasons of the science fiction television series Star Trek: Voyager. He is First Maje, or leader, of the Kazon-Nistrim, one of the various warring sects of the Kazon race, who inhabit the farthest region of the Delta Quadrant, on the other side of the Milky Way Galaxy. Played by Anthony De Longis, Culluh first appeared in the episode "State of Flux", which premiered on April 10, 1995. Despite the technological inferiority of his sect to the USS Voyager, he proved to be a considerable threat to that ship following his first appearance, as a result of his alliance with Seska, a Maquis member of Voyager's crew who defected to Culluh once she was revealed to be a Cardassian spy, and who became his lover and the mother of his son. Culluh's final appearance on the series was in the 1996 third season premiere, Basics part II; in that episode, Seska is killed, and Culluh takes custody of their child.
The Wolves and Humans Foundation (formerly The Wolf Society of Great Britain) is a UK based charity (Registered Charity No. 1111289) dedicated to helping conservation of wolves, as well as bears and lynx, by finding solutions to the problems of living alongside people, through practical measures, education and research. The Foundation’s work mainly focuses on Europe.
The Wolf Society of Britain was formed in 1985 and was one of the first pro-wolf conservation organisations in Europe. In 2005 the Society became a registered charity and changed its name to The Wolves and Humans Foundation, or Wolves and Humans. The idea for the change in name arose from the World Wolf Congress held in Banff, Canada in 2003; many of the presentations concluded that after centuries of persecution, wolf recovery is now a reality, and that the new conservation challenge is to find ways to co-exist with them in a human-dominated landscape.
The aims of the Foundation are;
a) to advance for the benefit of the public, research, education and training in the methods of managing conflict between wolves (and other large carnivores) and agriculture and other human interests.
b) to provide and advance education about wolves (and other large carnivores) to the general public, and to promote, support and advance the scientific study of wolves and other large carnivores.
Working in partnership with local biologists and conservationists in their home countries, provides resources, education and training with the aim of restoring traditional methods of protecting livestock and preventing attacks by predators, and carries out research to establish new methods of preventing conflicts arising.
Wolves and Humans also carries out research to establish true numbers of large carnivores and assess their impact on wild prey species and domestic livestock, helping to dispel misconceptions and provide a sound basis for future conservation and management decisions.
Past and current projects include: provision of livestock guarding dogs to sheep owners in Slovakia; provision of guarding dogs and ‘fladry’ barriers, educational activities and research into wolf population dynamics in Poland; wolf research in the Tver region of central European Russia; and an initiative to improve knowledge about wolves and other carnivores in Belarus.
The Wolf Society of Britain was formed in 1985 and was one of the first pro-wolf conservation organisations in Europe. In 2005 the Society became a registered charity and changed its name to The Wolves and Humans Foundation, or Wolves and Humans. The idea for the change in name arose from the World Wolf Congress held in Banff, Canada in 2003; many of the presentations concluded that after centuries of persecution, wolf recovery is now a reality, and that the new conservation challenge is to find ways to co-exist with them in a human-dominated landscape.
The aims of the Foundation are;
a) to advance for the benefit of the public, research, education and training in the methods of managing conflict between wolves (and other large carnivores) and agriculture and other human interests.
b) to provide and advance education about wolves (and other large carnivores) to the general public, and to promote, support and advance the scientific study of wolves and other large carnivores.
Working in partnership with local biologists and conservationists in their home countries, provides resources, education and training with the aim of restoring traditional methods of protecting livestock and preventing attacks by predators, and carries out research to establish new methods of preventing conflicts arising.
Wolves and Humans also carries out research to establish true numbers of large carnivores and assess their impact on wild prey species and domestic livestock, helping to dispel misconceptions and provide a sound basis for future conservation and management decisions.
Past and current projects include: provision of livestock guarding dogs to sheep owners in Slovakia; provision of guarding dogs and ‘fladry’ barriers, educational activities and research into wolf population dynamics in Poland; wolf research in the Tver region of central European Russia; and an initiative to improve knowledge about wolves and other carnivores in Belarus.