Living First Ladies of the United States
This is the list of all of the living First Ladies of the United States at each moment in US history. The following women have been recognized by The National First Ladies' Library as "First Lady".
Table
End Date |
Start Event |
End Event |
# alive |
First Ladies |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
April 30, 1789 |
March 4, 1797 |
Inauguration of George Washington |
Inauguration of John Adams |
1 |
Martha Washington |
March 4, 1797 |
March 4, 1801 |
Inauguration of John Adams |
Inauguration of Thomas Jefferson |
2 |
Martha Washington |
March 4, 1801 |
May 22, 1802 |
Inauguration of Thomas Jefferson |
Death of Martha Washington |
4 |
Martha Washington |
May 22, 1802 |
March 4, 1809 |
Death of Martha Washington |
Inauguration of James Madison |
3 |
Abigail Adams |
March 4, 1809 |
March 4, 1817 |
Inauguration of James Madison |
Inauguration of James Monroe |
3 |
Abigail Adams |
March 4, 1817 |
October 28, 1818 |
Inauguration of James Monroe |
Death of Abigail Adams |
3 |
Martha Jefferson Randolph |
October 28, 1818 |
March 4, 1825 |
Death of Abigail Adams |
Inauguration of John Quincy Adams |
3 |
Martha Jefferson Randolph |
March 4, 1825 |
March 4, 1829 |
Inauguration of John Quincy Adams |
Inauguration of Andrew Jackson |
4 |
Martha Jefferson Randolph |
March 4, 1829 |
September 23, 1830 |
Inauguration of Andrew Jackson |
Death of Elizabeth Monroe |
5 |
Martha Jefferson Randolph |
September 23, 1830 |
November 26, 1834 |
Death of Elizabeth Monroe |
Arrival at the White House of Sarah Yorke Jackson |
4 |
Martha Jefferson Randolph |
November 26, 1834 |
October 10, 1836 |
Arrival at the White House of Sarah Yorke Jackson |
Death of Martha Jefferson Randolph |
5 |
Martha Jefferson Randolph |
October 10, 1836 |
December 19, 1836 |
Death of Martha Jefferson Randolph |
Death of Emily Donelson |
4 |
Dolley Madison |
December 19, 1836 |
March 4, 1837 |
Death of Emily Donelson |
Inauguration of Martin Van Buren |
3 |
Dolley Madison |
March 4, 1837 |
March 4, 1841 |
Inauguration of Martin Van Buren |
Inauguration of William H. Harrison |
4 |
Dolley Madison |
March 4, 1841 |
April 4, 1841 |
Inauguration of William H. Harrison |
Death of William H. Harrison |
6 |
Dolley Madison |
April 4, 1841 |
September 10, 1842 |
Inauguration of John Tyler |
Death of Letitia Christian Tyler |
7 |
Dolley Madison |
September 10, 1842 |
June 26, 1844 |
Death of Letitia Christian Tyler |
Marriage of Julia Gardiner Tyler to John Tyler |
7 |
Dolley Madison |
June 26, 1844 |
March 4, 1845 |
Marriage of Julia Gardiner Tyler to John Tyler |
Inauguration of James K. Polk |
8 |
Dolley Madison |
March 4, 1845 |
May 11, 1846 |
Inauguration of James K. Polk |
Death of Jane Irwin Harrison |
9 |
Dolley Madison |
May 11, 1846 |
March 4, 1849 |
Death of Jane Irwin Harrison |
Inauguration of Zachary Taylor |
8 |
Dolley Madison |
March 4, 1849 |
July 12, 1849 |
Inauguration of Zachary Taylor |
Death of Dolley Madison |
9 |
Dolley Madison |
July 12, 1849 |
July 9, 1850 |
Death of Dolley Madison |
Inauguration of Millard Fillmore |
8 |
Louisa Adams |
July 9, 1850 |
May 15, 1852 |
Inauguration of Millard Fillmore |
Death of Louisa Adams |
9 |
Louisa Adams |
May 15, 1852 |
August 14, 1852 |
Death of Louisa Adams |
Death of Margaret Taylor |
8 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
August 14, 1852 |
March 4, 1853 |
Death of Margaret Taylor |
Inauguration of Franklin Pierce |
7 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
March 4, 1853 |
March 30, 1853 |
Inauguration of Franklin Pierce |
Death of Abigail Fillmore |
8 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
March 30, 1853 |
March 4, 1857 |
Death of Abigail Fillmore |
Inauguration of James Buchanan |
7 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
March 4, 1857 |
March 4, 1861 |
Inauguration of James Buchanan |
Inauguration of Abraham Lincoln |
8 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
March 4, 1861 |
December 2, 1863 |
Inauguration of Abraham Lincoln |
Death of Jane Pierce |
9 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
December 2, 1863 |
February 25, 1864 |
Death of Jane Pierce |
Death of Anna Harrison |
8 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
February 25, 1864 |
April 15, 1865 |
Death of Anna Harrison |
Inauguration of Andrew Johnson |
7 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
April 15, 1865 |
March 4, 1869 |
Inauguration of Andrew Johnson |
Inauguration of Ulysses S. Grant |
8 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
March 4, 1869 |
January 15, 1876 |
Inauguration of Ulysses S. Grant |
Death of Eliza McCardle Johnson |
9 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
January 15, 1876 |
March 4, 1877 |
Death of Eliza McCardle Johnson |
Inauguration of Rutherford B. Hayes |
8 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
March 4, 1877 |
December 29, 1877 |
Inauguration of Rutherford B. Hayes |
Death of Angelica Singleton Van Buren |
9 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
December 29, 1877 |
March 4, 1881 |
Death of Angelica Singleton Van Buren |
Inauguration of James Garfield |
8 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
March 4, 1881 |
September 19, 1881 |
Inauguration of James Garfield |
Inauguration of Chester A. Arthur |
9 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
September 19, 1881 |
July 16, 1882 |
Inauguration of Chester A. Arthur |
Death of Mary Todd Lincoln |
10 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
July 16, 1882 |
March 4, 1885 |
Death of Mary Todd Lincoln |
Inauguration of Grover Cleveland |
9 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
March 4, 1885 |
June 2, 1886 |
Inauguration of Grover Cleveland |
Marriage of Frances Folsom Cleveland Preston to Grover Cleveland |
10 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
June 2, 1886 |
August 23, 1887 |
Marriage of Frances Folsom Cleveland Preston to Grover Cleveland |
Death of Sarah Yorke Jackson |
11 |
Sarah Yorke Jackson |
August 23, 1887 |
March 4, 1889 |
Death of Sarah Yorke Jackson |
Inauguration of Benjamin Harrison |
10 |
Priscilla Cooper Tyler |
March 4, 1889 |
June 25, 1889 |
Inauguration of Benjamin Harrison |
Death of Lucy Webb Hayes |
11 |
Priscilla Cooper Tyler |
June 25, 1889 |
July 10, 1889 |
Death of Lucy Webb Hayes |
Death of Julia Gardiner Tyler |
10 |
Priscilla Cooper Tyler |
July 10, 1889 |
December 29, 1889 |
Death of Julia Gardiner Tyler |
Death of Priscilla Cooper Tyler |
9 |
Priscilla Cooper Tyler |
December 29, 1889 |
August 14, 1891 |
Death of Priscilla Cooper Tyler |
Death of Sarah Childress Polk |
8 |
Sarah Childress Polk |
August 14, 1891 |
October 25, 1892 |
Death of Sarah Childress Polk |
Death of Caroline Harrison |
7 |
Harriet Lane |
October 25, 1892 |
March 4, 1897 |
Death of Caroline Harrison |
Inauguration of William McKinley |
7 |
Harriet Lane |
March 4, 1897 |
September 14, 1901 |
Inauguration of William McKinley |
Inauguration of Theodore Roosevelt |
8 |
Harriet Lane |
September 14, 1901 |
December 14, 1902 |
Inauguration of Theodore Roosevelt |
Death of Julia Grant |
9 |
Harriet Lane |
December 14, 1902 |
July 3, 1903 |
Death of Julia Grant |
Death of Harriet Lane |
8 |
Harriet Lane |
July 3, 1903 |
May 26, 1907 |
Death of Harriet Lane |
Death of Ida Saxton McKinley |
7 |
Lucretia Garfield |
May 26, 1907 |
March 4, 1909 |
Death of Ida Saxton McKinley |
Inauguration of William H. Taft |
6 |
Lucretia Garfield |
March 4, 1909 |
March 4, 1913 |
Inauguration of William H. Taft |
Inauguration of Woodrow Wilson |
7 |
Lucretia Garfield |
March 4, 1913 |
August 6, 1914 |
Inauguration of Woodrow Wilson |
Death of Ellen Axson Wilson |
8 |
Lucretia Garfield |
August 6, 1914 |
December 18, 1915 |
Death of Ellen Axson Wilson |
Marriage of Edith Bolling Galt Wilson to Woodrow Wilson |
7 |
Lucretia Garfield |
December 18, 1915 |
January 8, 1917 |
Marriage of Edith Bolling Galt Wilson to Woodrow Wilson |
Death of Mary Arthur McElroy |
8 |
Lucretia Garfield |
January 8, 1917 |
March 14, 1918 |
Death of Mary Arthur McElroy |
Death of Lucretia Garfield |
7 |
Lucretia Garfield |
March 14, 1918 |
November 22, 1918 |
Death of Lucretia Garfield |
Death of Rose Cleveland |
6 |
Rose Cleveland |
November 22, 1918 |
March 4, 1921 |
Death of Rose Cleveland |
Inauguration of Warren G. Harding |
5 |
Frances Folsom Cleveland Preston |
March 4, 1921 |
August 2, 1923 |
Inauguration of Warren G. Harding |
Inauguration of Calvin Coolidge |
6 |
Frances Folsom Cleveland Preston |
August 2, 1923 |
November 21, 1924 |
Inauguration of Calvin Coolidge |
Death of Florence Harding |
7 |
Frances Folsom Cleveland Preston |
November 21, 1924 |
March 4, 1929 |
Death of Florence Harding |
Inauguration of Herbert Hoover |
6 |
Frances Folsom Cleveland Preston |
March 4, 1929 |
October 28, 1930 |
Inauguration of Herbert Hoover |
Death of Mary Harrison McKee |
7 |
Frances Folsom Cleveland Preston |
October 28, 1930 |
March 4, 1933 |
Death of Mary Harrison McKee |
Inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt |
6 |
Frances Folsom Cleveland Preston |
March 4, 1933 |
May 22, 1943 |
Inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt |
Death of Helen Herron Taft |
7 |
Frances Folsom Cleveland Preston |
May 22, 1943 |
January 7, 1944 |
Death of Helen Herron Taft |
Death of Lou Henry Hoover |
6 |
Frances Folsom Cleveland Preston |
January 7, 1944 |
April 12, 1945 |
Death of Lou Henry Hoover |
Inauguration of Harry S. Truman |
5 |
Frances Folsom Cleveland Preston |
April 12, 1945 |
October 29, 1947 |
Inauguration of Harry S. Truman |
Death of Frances Folsom Cleveland Preston |
6 |
Frances Folsom Cleveland Preston |
October 29, 1947 |
September 30, 1948 |
Death of Frances Folsom Cleveland Preston |
Death of Edith Roosevelt |
5 |
Edith Roosevelt |
September 30, 1948 |
January 20, 1953 |
Death of Edith Roosevelt |
Inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower |
4 |
Edith Bolling Galt Wilson |
January 20, 1953 |
July 8, 1957 |
Inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower |
Death of Grace Coolidge |
5 |
Edith Bolling Galt Wilson |
July 8, 1957 |
January 20, 1961 |
Death of Grace Coolidge |
Inauguration of John F. Kennedy |
4 |
Edith Bolling Galt Wilson |
January 20, 1961 |
December 28, 1961 |
Inauguration of John F. Kennedy |
Death of Edith Bolling Galt Wilson |
5 |
Edith Bolling Galt Wilson |
December 28, 1961 |
November 7, 1962 |
Death of Edith Bolling Galt Wilson |
Death of Eleanor Roosevelt |
4 |
Eleanor Roosevelt |
November 7, 1962 |
November 22, 1963 |
Death of Eleanor Roosevelt |
Inauguration of Lyndon B. Johnson |
3 |
Bess Truman |
November 22, 1963 |
January 20, 1969 |
Inauguration of Lyndon B. Johnson |
Inauguration of Richard Nixon |
4 |
Bess Truman |
January 20, 1969 |
August 9, 1974 |
Inauguration of Richard Nixon |
Inauguration of Gerald Ford |
5 |
Bess Truman |
August 9, 1974 |
January 20, 1977 |
Inauguration of Gerald Ford |
Inauguration of Jimmy Carter |
6 |
Bess Truman |
January 20, 1977 |
November 1, 1979 |
Inauguration of Jimmy Carter |
Death of Mamie Eisenhower |
7 |
Bess Truman |
November 1, 1979 |
January 20, 1981 |
Death of Mamie Eisenhower |
Inauguration of Ronald Reagan |
6 |
Bess Truman |
January 20, 1981 |
October 18, 1982 |
Inauguration of Ronald Reagan |
Death of Bess Truman |
7 |
Bess Truman |
October 18, 1982 |
January 20, 1989 |
Death of Bess Truman |
Inauguration of George H. W. Bush |
6 |
Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis |
January 20, 1989 |
January 20, 1993 |
Inauguration of George H. W. Bush |
Inauguration of Bill Clinton |
7 |
Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis |
January 20, 1993 |
June 22, 1993 |
Inauguration of Bill Clinton |
Death of Pat Nixon |
8 |
Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis |
June 22, 1993 |
May 19, 1994 |
Death of Pat Nixon |
Death of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis |
7 |
Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis |
May 19, 1994 |
January 20, 2001 |
Death of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis |
Inauguration of George W. Bush |
6 |
Lady Bird Johnson |
January 20, 2001 |
July 11, 2007 |
Inauguration of George W. Bush |
Death of Lady Bird Johnson |
7 |
Lady Bird Johnson |
July 11, 2007 |
Death of Lady Bird Johnson |
6 |
Betty Ford |
Trivia
- There has been only one woman who was the only living First Lady: Martha Washington, the wife of the first President George Washington. She was often referred to as "Lady Washington". The Title First Lady, however, came only into common use in the late 19th century.
- During two periods in United States history, there have been eleven women alive to have been First Lady. They occurred in the late 1880s, the first for 448 days between June 2, 1886 and August 23, 1887, the second for 114 days between March 4 and June 25, 1889.
- There have been sixteen Presidencies during which a living First Lady has not died (including Grover Cleveland's second term 1893-1897), the most recent being the Presidency of George H.W. Bush. Conversely, during the Presidency of Benjamin Harrison (1889-1897) there were as many as five deaths of First Ladies, the last one being his wife Caroline Harrison. The longest streak of Presidencies without a death of a First Lady is three, as no First Lady died during the terms of Johnson, Nixon and Ford, a total of more than 14 years.
- The longest period between deaths of First Ladies was 17 years and 298 days, between the deaths of Eleanor Roosevelt on January 7, 1962 and Mamie Eisenhower on November 11, 1979.
- Only three times, in 1852, 1889 and 1918, have two or three First Ladies died in the same year. Three died in 1889: Lucy Webb Hayes, Julia Gardiner Tyler and Priscilla Cooper Tyler.
- The only woman who acted as First Lady for two different Presidents was Dolley Madison. She was a friend of widower Thomas Jefferson and acted occasionally in that role between 1801-1809. When her husband James Madison was inaugurated in 1809 she became the regular First Lady for eight more years.
- There has been only one presidency when three women acted as First Lady, that of John Tyler 1841-1845. The first First Lady was his first wife Letitia Christian Tyler who died on September 19, 1842. Tyler's daughter-in-law Priscilla Cooper Tyler then served as First Lady until June 26, 1844 when Tyler married his second wife Julia Gardiner Tyler.