List of father or mother of various fields in India

The following is a list of significant men and women known for being the father, mother, or considered the founders. This list is related to India at nation level. In most non-science fields, the title of being the "father" is debatable.

All

Field

Person

Title (in India only)

Reason and Other Notes

Politics

Mahatma Gandhi

Father of the Nation

Reason: For his role in Indian Independence movement against British rule through Ahimsa or Non-violence. Inspired movements for civil rights and freedom from colonial rule across the world. Known as Bapu or Father.

Politics

Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Father of Modern India

Reason: Renaissance in Bengal Presidency. His efforts to protect Hinduism and Indian Rights. Founder of Brahmo Samaj

Other Titles: Father of Renaissance. Maker of Modern India. Father of Modern Indian political thought.

Politics

Potti Sreeramulu

Father of Linguistic Democracy

Reason: Died fasting for the creation of independent Andhra State which in turn paved the way for creation of other linguistic states throughout India. Ardent proponent of linguistic statehoods as the ProgresS of linguistic groups of diverse Indian population. Freedom fighter in Indian Independence movement against British rule through Ahimsa or Non-violence.

Other Titles: Father of All-India Movement for Linguistic States

Politics

B. R. Ambedkar (Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar)

Father of Constitution

Reason: Principal architect of Constitution of India. Known as Baba Saheb. Notes:

Awards: Bharat Ratna

Economics

M.G.Ranade (Mahadev Govind Ranade)

Father of Modern Economics

Reason:

Notes:

Economics

Manmohan Singh

Father of Modern Economic Reforms

Reason: As the Finance Minister, for his economic reforms during 90s. Notes: Title is later attributed (in 2000s) to P.V. Narasimha Rao who was the Prime Minister at the time.

Science

Homi J. Bhabha

Father of Nuclear/Atomic Program

Reason:

Notes:

Awards:

Science

Vikram Sarabhai

Father of Space Program

Reason:

Notes:

Awards:

Science

A. P. J. Abdul Kalam (Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam)

Father of Missile Program

Reason:

Notes:

Awards: Bharat Ratna

Comics

Anant Pai

Father of Comic Books

Reason:

Notes:

Awards:

Geography

James Rennell

Father of Geography

Reason: Produced The Famous Bengal Atlas. Notes:

Awards:

Cinema

Dadasaheb Phalke (Dhundiraj Govind Phalke)

Father of Cinema

Reason:

Notes:

Awards:

Agriculture

N. G. Ranga (Gogineni Ranga Nayukulu)

Father of Peasant Movement

Reason:

Notes:

Awards: Padma Vibhushan

Biology

Birbal Sahni

Father of Paleobotany

Reason:

Notes:

Awards:

Biology

Hiralal Chaudhari

Father of Blue Revolution

Reason:

Notes:

Awards:

Biology

M. S. Swaminathan (Mankombu Sambasivan Swaminathan)

Father of Green Revolution

Reason:

Notes:

Awards:

Biology

Verghese Kurien

Father of White Revolution

Reason:

Notes:

Awards:

Biology

Shalihotra

Father of Veterinary Science

Reason:

Notes:

Awards:

Entrepreneur

J. R. D. Tata (Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhoy Tata)

Father of Civil Aviation

Reason:

Notes:

Awards: Bharat Ratna

Military

Subroto Mukerjee

Father of Air Force

Reason:

Notes:

Awards:

Engineering

Sir Mokshagundam Vishweshvaraiah

Father of Civil Engineering

Reason: Notes: His birthday is celebrated as the Engineer's Day. Authored: "Planned Economy for India" (1932)

Posts: Dewan of Mysore Kingdom

Awards: Bharat Ratna

Other Titles: Engineer Statesman, Father of Planning, Chief Architect of Modern Karnataka

Medicine

Sushruta

Father of Surgery

Reason:

Notes:

Philosophy

Sir Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan

Reason: For his role in reinterpreting Advaita Vedanta tradition for a contemporary understanding. He defended Hinduism against "uninformed Western criticism", contributing to the formation of contemporary Hindu identity. He has been influential in shaping the understanding of Hinduism, in both India and the west, and earned a reputation as a bridge-builder between India and the West. Notes: His birthday is celebrated as the Teacher's Day. Posts: First Vice President of India, Second President of India

Awards: Bharat Ratna

Politica

Vallabhbhai Patel

Iron Man of India