List of animals new to science
- ''For details of mammal species discovered in the 21st Century see new mammal species.
Mammals
- Arunachal Macaque (India), an Old World monkey
- Australian Snubfin Dolphin (Australia), a short-faced dolphin
- Balaenoptera omurai (Japan?), a new species of baleen whale
- Bernhardi Monkey (Brazil), a New World monkey
- Black-Headed Sagui Dwarf (Brazil), the second smallest monkey on Earth
- Dingiso (New Guinea), a tree kangaroo
- Giant Muntjac (Vietnam), a relative of deer
- Highland Mangabey (Tanzania), an Old World monkey
- Laotian Rock Rat (Laos), a rodent related to porcupines
- Leaf Deer (Mynammar), a relative of deer
- Leaf Muntjac (Vietnam), a relative of deer
- Manticore Marmoset (Brazil), a small New World monkey
- Microcebus lehilahytsara (Madagascar), a mouse lemur
- Mirza zaza (Madagascar), a new lemur
- Panay Cloudrunner (Philippines), a squirrel-like rodent
- Saola (Vietnam), a jungle antelope
- Sumatran Striped Rabbit (Sumatra, Laos, Vietnam)
- Truong Son Muntjac (Vietnam), a relative of deer
- Zog-Zog (Brazil), a small New World monkey
Birds
- Bird species new to science
- Calayan Rail (Philippines), a jungle ground-dwelling bird
- Jocotoco Antpitta (Ecuador), a songbird
- Sangha Forest Robin (Central African Republic), a songbird
- Wangi Wangi White-Eye (Sulawesi)
Reptiles
- Mary River Turtle (Australia)
- Sphaerodactylus ariasae (Caribbean)
Fish
- Axelrod (New Guinea), a coral reef fish
Invertebrates
- Causey's Cave Millipede (United States)
- Granrojo (East Pacific Rim), a red jellyfish
- Symbion pandora, a new phylum of animal from 1995
- Youngsteadts' Cave Millipede (United States)
Fossil Species
- Buitreraptor, a new dinosaur species (Argentina)
- Striegeli, a fossil amphibian (United States)
- Vetustovermis planus, a new Cambrian animal (China)