Charles Robert "Charlie" Borchers (March 19, 1943 - June 27, 1997) was a lawyer in Laredo, Texas, who served as the Democratic district attorney of Webb, Zapata, and Dimmit counties from 1973 to 1981.
Biography
Early life, education, and family
Borchers was born in Laredo to Elmore H. and Angela (Scovazzo) Borchers. He graduated from the Roman Catholic St. Joseph's Academy, where he played basketball. In 1963, he received his bachelor of arts degree from St. Edwards University in Austin. In 1966, he procured his law degree from the University of Texas at Austin.
Borchers married Celita Pappas, a sister of Texas State Senator Judith Zaffirini.
Poltical career
Borchers was initially appointed to the post of district attorney to complete the unexpired term of Carlos Castillon, who resigned a year after having been elected in 1972. Borchers, who had been first assistant district attorney under Castillon, was then elected to a full four-year term in 1976.
As district attorney, Borchers was considered a "hands on" prosecutor who participated in arrests, drug raids, and interrogations. Former Laredo Police Chief J.L. Martinez recalled that Borchers "would join us in making arrests and getting the details firsthand." Borchers prosecuted Juan Aranda in Laredo and Arturo Aranda of Victoria in the death of police officer Pablo Albidrez. He also prosecuted Kenneth Adami of Freer for the murder of five Mexicans at a ranch. He also established a state crime task force in Laredo.
He did not seek reelection in 1980 but was in private practice of law with the firm Person, Whitworth, Borchers, and Morales. From 1985 to 1991, Borchers served as a trustee of the United Independent School District and also as board president.
Later career
Borchers was an instructor of business law and government at Laredo Community College
Borchers died of cancer at the age of 54 on June 27, 1997, and was buried at the Catholic Cemetery in Laredo.
Legacy
Borchers’ bust is displayed in the Webb County Courthouse, and he is also memorialized by Charles Borchers Elementary School in northeastern Laredo, and two annual scholarships in his name from the Young Lawyers Association of Laredo.
Biography
Early life, education, and family
Borchers was born in Laredo to Elmore H. and Angela (Scovazzo) Borchers. He graduated from the Roman Catholic St. Joseph's Academy, where he played basketball. In 1963, he received his bachelor of arts degree from St. Edwards University in Austin. In 1966, he procured his law degree from the University of Texas at Austin.
Borchers married Celita Pappas, a sister of Texas State Senator Judith Zaffirini.
Poltical career
Borchers was initially appointed to the post of district attorney to complete the unexpired term of Carlos Castillon, who resigned a year after having been elected in 1972. Borchers, who had been first assistant district attorney under Castillon, was then elected to a full four-year term in 1976.
As district attorney, Borchers was considered a "hands on" prosecutor who participated in arrests, drug raids, and interrogations. Former Laredo Police Chief J.L. Martinez recalled that Borchers "would join us in making arrests and getting the details firsthand." Borchers prosecuted Juan Aranda in Laredo and Arturo Aranda of Victoria in the death of police officer Pablo Albidrez. He also prosecuted Kenneth Adami of Freer for the murder of five Mexicans at a ranch. He also established a state crime task force in Laredo.
He did not seek reelection in 1980 but was in private practice of law with the firm Person, Whitworth, Borchers, and Morales. From 1985 to 1991, Borchers served as a trustee of the United Independent School District and also as board president.
Later career
Borchers was an instructor of business law and government at Laredo Community College
Borchers died of cancer at the age of 54 on June 27, 1997, and was buried at the Catholic Cemetery in Laredo.
Legacy
Borchers’ bust is displayed in the Webb County Courthouse, and he is also memorialized by Charles Borchers Elementary School in northeastern Laredo, and two annual scholarships in his name from the Young Lawyers Association of Laredo.
Daniel Ayler "Dan" Dodd (born January 27, 1943) is a Vietnam War veteran and was the 2006 Democratic Party candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives from the Third Congressional District of Texas (map). He lost to Republican incumbent Sam Johnson, who is also a Vietnam veteran.
Biography
Dan Dodd's great-great-grandfather, Rev. Jess Dodd, moved west from Georgia and founded the northeast Texas town of Atlanta in 1872. His great-grandfather was the mayor of Marshall, Texas. Dan's father served in the United States Air Force for 30 years, including duty as a fighter pilot and bomber pilot during World War II. He took his wife and three children with him wherever he was stationed, including Washington, D.C., Japan, France, and Germany, where Dan graduated from high school.
Dan enlisted in the United States Army and was stationed at Fort Belvoir in Virginia. During this time, he received a Congressional appointment to West Point, from which he graduated in 1966 with a commission in the Air Force.
Dan is also a member of the Fighting Dems.
Links
*Dan Dodd Official
Biography
Dan Dodd's great-great-grandfather, Rev. Jess Dodd, moved west from Georgia and founded the northeast Texas town of Atlanta in 1872. His great-grandfather was the mayor of Marshall, Texas. Dan's father served in the United States Air Force for 30 years, including duty as a fighter pilot and bomber pilot during World War II. He took his wife and three children with him wherever he was stationed, including Washington, D.C., Japan, France, and Germany, where Dan graduated from high school.
Dan enlisted in the United States Army and was stationed at Fort Belvoir in Virginia. During this time, he received a Congressional appointment to West Point, from which he graduated in 1966 with a commission in the Air Force.
Dan is also a member of the Fighting Dems.
Links
*Dan Dodd Official
TRANSPLANTS
What organs have been successful transplanted since 1950’s?:
Kidney, Kidney and Pancreas, Pancreas, Heart, Heart and lung together, Lung only, Liver/liver lobe
Which two of these are the most commonly transplanted?
In both the years 2007- 2008 and 2006-2007 it has been Kidney and Cornea.
Definitions
Autograft - “Tissue or bone transplanted from one site on an individual’s body to another site.”
Allograft - “An organ or tissue transplanted from one individual to another of the same species, i.e. human to human.”
Immunosuppression - “The artificial suppression of the immune response, usually through drugs, so that the body will not reject a transplanted organ or tissue.”
Xenotransplant - “Transplant of the organs of one species into another.”
Development in 1954
The development in 1954
The first ever successful transplant - a kidney transplant between teo identical twins “But in 1954 at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston, a special kidney transpant case would succeed and teach medicine a great deal by confirming Medawar's results. Richard and Ronald Herrick were identical twins, but Richard was dying of kidney disease. Ronald donated one of his kidneys, and it was successfully transplanted into Richard. Because they were identical twins, the organ did not appear foreign to Richard's body, which did not reject it.”
The development was the idea of rejection of transplants through the immune system - immune response. This then lead to the use of immunosuppressant’s such as cyclosporine.
Transplants are not the idea of the 21st or 20th century. Transplants have been mentioned in the myths of ancient Greeks, and the transplants of eyes and skin were the first to be attempted.
The kidney was the first ever imbedded organ to be transplanted. The first kidney transplant patients had a good recovery at the start, but then died soon after.
It was only after Peter Medaw discovered that recipients formed antibodies against their transplants that the first successful transplant occurred- between two twins who would not reject their twins kidney as it was the same as theirs - not a foreign object.
After this, Doctors tried to find ways of “tricking” the body into not rejecting the transplanted new, healthy organ. The first way was by bombarding the patient with X-rays, but this lead to the death of many patients.
Doctors then discovered that drugs, such as cyclosporine could be used to suppress the immune system. The above development of ideas and techniques led to today’s transplant success.
1. Trends by number of donors
• They have been on a steady decline from 1995 - 2003., then increase in 2004. This could be down to a fierce advertising campaign done by the UK transplant organization.
2. Trends number of people receiving transplants
• This too has been on a gradual decrease until 2004 where it increased. This could be down to the number of donor’s increases, thus proving a relationship between the two.
3. Trends number people on transplant list
• This shows a massive steady increase in the number of people needing transplants- and it is way above the number of transplants. I think this is increasing because it is higher than the number of transplants- as more and more people are waiting.
What problems do these trends show?
Not enough transplants for the number of people needing transplants
This means it is costing the NHS money as if all the patients who needed a transplant on 1 January 2007 - 6200 patients, received one; it would save the NHS £150m per year.
The other economic factor is many of these patients who need a transplant die in waiting, meaning they are not earning money, not funding the economic life of Britain and not paying the taxes needed to fund the NHS
If people are dying form not having transplants, it usually means children are being left without a mother or father, what are the social consequences of this? This is surely detrimental to the Childs well-being and growing up.
How can present and future developments in Science and Technology overcome some of these problems?
Science and technology may help overcome these problems by the research being done into the possibility of Xenotransplants, where a organ is transplanted from one species to another.
Originally it was thought that primates could be used, such as chimpanzees, as their genome is “98% identical with the human genome” but many scientists think this unethical as chimpanzees, and many other primates, are endangered species.
The next, more likely alternative is to use pigs for this purpose, as they are of similar size and it would ethically ok as we already farm these animals and we already use heart valves successfully for replacing those damaged in humans.
However the human immune system will attack any pig tissue ruthlessly. The only way to overcome this is to genetically modify the pig, which is a possibility due to the advances in science.
What are the advantages of using animals as organ donors for humans?
• Easily make up for shortage
• This could mean saving for NHS, more taxes to help pay for more research.
• No social damages as you know your relatives/friends organs are in someone else’s body.
What are the disadvantages of using animals as organ donors for humans?
• There is a small possibility that there could be a transfer of pig or primates diseases with the transplant to the human which could seriously harm the patient and could even cause a large epidemic
• Animals have rights. Many believe that animals too have rights, just like humans, and therefore have the right to live without fear of murder and not be killed of the purpose of helping humans by providing organs for transplants and therefore we should not exploit the animals for our benefit.
• Scientists are “playing God” by genetically modifying the animals, and as said with argument on GM crops, we have yet to know what affect this will have on the environment and future generations.
References:
http://www.uktransplant.org.uk/ukt/statistics/latest_statistics/monthly.jsp
http://www.uktransplant.org.uk/ukt/about_transplants/transplantation_glossary/transplantation_glossary.jsp
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/dm54ki.html
http://www.uktransplant.org.uk/ukt/newsroom/fact_sheets/cost_effectiveness_of_transplantation.jsp
http://science.education.nih.gov/newsnapshots/TOC_Xeno/XenoRITN/xenoritn.html
What organs have been successful transplanted since 1950’s?:
Kidney, Kidney and Pancreas, Pancreas, Heart, Heart and lung together, Lung only, Liver/liver lobe
Which two of these are the most commonly transplanted?
In both the years 2007- 2008 and 2006-2007 it has been Kidney and Cornea.
Definitions
Autograft - “Tissue or bone transplanted from one site on an individual’s body to another site.”
Allograft - “An organ or tissue transplanted from one individual to another of the same species, i.e. human to human.”
Immunosuppression - “The artificial suppression of the immune response, usually through drugs, so that the body will not reject a transplanted organ or tissue.”
Xenotransplant - “Transplant of the organs of one species into another.”
Development in 1954
The development in 1954
The first ever successful transplant - a kidney transplant between teo identical twins “But in 1954 at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston, a special kidney transpant case would succeed and teach medicine a great deal by confirming Medawar's results. Richard and Ronald Herrick were identical twins, but Richard was dying of kidney disease. Ronald donated one of his kidneys, and it was successfully transplanted into Richard. Because they were identical twins, the organ did not appear foreign to Richard's body, which did not reject it.”
The development was the idea of rejection of transplants through the immune system - immune response. This then lead to the use of immunosuppressant’s such as cyclosporine.
Transplants are not the idea of the 21st or 20th century. Transplants have been mentioned in the myths of ancient Greeks, and the transplants of eyes and skin were the first to be attempted.
The kidney was the first ever imbedded organ to be transplanted. The first kidney transplant patients had a good recovery at the start, but then died soon after.
It was only after Peter Medaw discovered that recipients formed antibodies against their transplants that the first successful transplant occurred- between two twins who would not reject their twins kidney as it was the same as theirs - not a foreign object.
After this, Doctors tried to find ways of “tricking” the body into not rejecting the transplanted new, healthy organ. The first way was by bombarding the patient with X-rays, but this lead to the death of many patients.
Doctors then discovered that drugs, such as cyclosporine could be used to suppress the immune system. The above development of ideas and techniques led to today’s transplant success.
1. Trends by number of donors
• They have been on a steady decline from 1995 - 2003., then increase in 2004. This could be down to a fierce advertising campaign done by the UK transplant organization.
2. Trends number of people receiving transplants
• This too has been on a gradual decrease until 2004 where it increased. This could be down to the number of donor’s increases, thus proving a relationship between the two.
3. Trends number people on transplant list
• This shows a massive steady increase in the number of people needing transplants- and it is way above the number of transplants. I think this is increasing because it is higher than the number of transplants- as more and more people are waiting.
What problems do these trends show?
Not enough transplants for the number of people needing transplants
This means it is costing the NHS money as if all the patients who needed a transplant on 1 January 2007 - 6200 patients, received one; it would save the NHS £150m per year.
The other economic factor is many of these patients who need a transplant die in waiting, meaning they are not earning money, not funding the economic life of Britain and not paying the taxes needed to fund the NHS
If people are dying form not having transplants, it usually means children are being left without a mother or father, what are the social consequences of this? This is surely detrimental to the Childs well-being and growing up.
How can present and future developments in Science and Technology overcome some of these problems?
Science and technology may help overcome these problems by the research being done into the possibility of Xenotransplants, where a organ is transplanted from one species to another.
Originally it was thought that primates could be used, such as chimpanzees, as their genome is “98% identical with the human genome” but many scientists think this unethical as chimpanzees, and many other primates, are endangered species.
The next, more likely alternative is to use pigs for this purpose, as they are of similar size and it would ethically ok as we already farm these animals and we already use heart valves successfully for replacing those damaged in humans.
However the human immune system will attack any pig tissue ruthlessly. The only way to overcome this is to genetically modify the pig, which is a possibility due to the advances in science.
What are the advantages of using animals as organ donors for humans?
• Easily make up for shortage
• This could mean saving for NHS, more taxes to help pay for more research.
• No social damages as you know your relatives/friends organs are in someone else’s body.
What are the disadvantages of using animals as organ donors for humans?
• There is a small possibility that there could be a transfer of pig or primates diseases with the transplant to the human which could seriously harm the patient and could even cause a large epidemic
• Animals have rights. Many believe that animals too have rights, just like humans, and therefore have the right to live without fear of murder and not be killed of the purpose of helping humans by providing organs for transplants and therefore we should not exploit the animals for our benefit.
• Scientists are “playing God” by genetically modifying the animals, and as said with argument on GM crops, we have yet to know what affect this will have on the environment and future generations.
References:
http://www.uktransplant.org.uk/ukt/statistics/latest_statistics/monthly.jsp
http://www.uktransplant.org.uk/ukt/about_transplants/transplantation_glossary/transplantation_glossary.jsp
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/dm54ki.html
http://www.uktransplant.org.uk/ukt/newsroom/fact_sheets/cost_effectiveness_of_transplantation.jsp
http://science.education.nih.gov/newsnapshots/TOC_Xeno/XenoRITN/xenoritn.html
Scott Lanier Jameson (born c. 1966) of Plano, Texas is a politician who was the Libertarian Party's candidate for U.S. Senator from Texas in 2002, receiving 35,538 votes for 0.8% of the vote. At their 2004 National Convention in Atlanta, Georgia, he unsuccessfully sought the nomination of the national party to be their candidate for Vice President of the United States, but finished fourth, receiving only 7 of 616 votes . In the 2006 elections, Jameson ran against Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison and Barbara Ann Radnofsky on the Libertarian line, finishing 3rd of 3 with 97,672 votes for 2.3% of the vote.