A floating cork paradox is a paradox to show that it is impossible to intentionally prevent an event from occuring using time travel. This paradox build on the predestination paradox, which states that any even that occurs in the past while time traveling is predestined to occur when that person travels in time because the event already happened, by showing that elements of this paradox and the grandfather paradox, which states that you cannot travel back in time and kill your grandfather because you would then never be born, are not mutually exclusive. The paradox shows that because you cannot change something you do not know exists, accidents during time travel are the only possible predestined events that can occur.
Thought Experiment
This is the original thought experiment as written by Matt Pfaff:
Just as a river flows in one direction, time always flows in one
direction at a constant speed. A man flows constantly through time
like a man sitting in a boat. This man ties his boat to the shore,
gets out, walks back toward the start of the river, and drops a cork
in the river. Because the river moves constantly forward, the cork
will then exist at all stages of the river extending in to infinite.
If you then look at each point in the river as a moment in time, the
cork existed in each moment in time after it is dropped, regardless of
what happened in that spot before it was dropped. Similarly, if a man
travels back in time and changes an event, that event will forever be
changed at every moment after that time. Therefore, anything we are currently aware of
occurring cannot be changed through time travel, because if it could
be changed then it would already have been changed and we would not
currently be aware of it.
Dilemma
If a person were to travel back in time and change Event A to Event B, everyone, including the time traveler, will be born without knowledge that Event A ever occured. Likewise, if another person travels back in time and change Event B to Event C, everyone, including both time travelers, will be born without knowledge that Event A or Event B ever occured. This means that the only events that can possible be known are the very last events to occur. As these are the very last events to occur, it is logically impossible to change these events.
This raises the key question:
Is it possible to travel back in time and change an event if you never knew that event occured?
The obvious response to this dilemma is that it is possible to prevent an event from occuring if you first travel to a past version of yourself, who by the laws of the flowing timeline already does not know Event A ever occured, and convince him that it is necessary to do this. However, by the same flowing timeline laws that govern the previous version of yourself mean that at the exact moment you change history, all version of yourself will never know that Event A ever occured. This means you will later be born without knowing that Event A ever occured and have no way of knowing that you need to travel back in time and warn a past version of youself.
Thought Experiment
This is the original thought experiment as written by Matt Pfaff:
Just as a river flows in one direction, time always flows in one
direction at a constant speed. A man flows constantly through time
like a man sitting in a boat. This man ties his boat to the shore,
gets out, walks back toward the start of the river, and drops a cork
in the river. Because the river moves constantly forward, the cork
will then exist at all stages of the river extending in to infinite.
If you then look at each point in the river as a moment in time, the
cork existed in each moment in time after it is dropped, regardless of
what happened in that spot before it was dropped. Similarly, if a man
travels back in time and changes an event, that event will forever be
changed at every moment after that time. Therefore, anything we are currently aware of
occurring cannot be changed through time travel, because if it could
be changed then it would already have been changed and we would not
currently be aware of it.
Dilemma
If a person were to travel back in time and change Event A to Event B, everyone, including the time traveler, will be born without knowledge that Event A ever occured. Likewise, if another person travels back in time and change Event B to Event C, everyone, including both time travelers, will be born without knowledge that Event A or Event B ever occured. This means that the only events that can possible be known are the very last events to occur. As these are the very last events to occur, it is logically impossible to change these events.
This raises the key question:
Is it possible to travel back in time and change an event if you never knew that event occured?
The obvious response to this dilemma is that it is possible to prevent an event from occuring if you first travel to a past version of yourself, who by the laws of the flowing timeline already does not know Event A ever occured, and convince him that it is necessary to do this. However, by the same flowing timeline laws that govern the previous version of yourself mean that at the exact moment you change history, all version of yourself will never know that Event A ever occured. This means you will later be born without knowing that Event A ever occured and have no way of knowing that you need to travel back in time and warn a past version of youself.
Monaken Lodge is an Order of the Arrow Lodge sponsored by the . The Lodge serves Mifflin and Juniata Counties, and a majority of both Centre and Huntingdon Counties. Monaken Lodge was formed in 1937 by then-Camp Director Jack Swetek; it will celebrate its 75th Anniversary in 2012. The Lodge's totem is the Woodchuck, which means "Digging Implement."
The Lodge does service work at Camp Seven Mountains, in Spring Mills, PA and uses the Camp for a majority of its events.
History
The Lodge was first chartered in 1937 by Camp Director Jack Swetek and Program Director Reed Babcook who inducted the staff of Camp Auquanoshioni (later known as Seven Mountains Scout Camp) as the first members. Although the original charters names us as Juniata Lodge, local records indicate we were known as Monaken Lodge. On July 28, 1937 a call out ceremony was performed to recognize the staff as candidates for membership in the Order of the Arrow. In the fall of that year, an Ordeal was held. It is believed that Mr. Swetek and Mr. Babcook were Arrowmen from other parts of the state and could have done the induction. In 1939 nine Brothers were elevated to the Brotherhood Honor at a Pow Wow held in Virginia. In 1948, the first three Vigil members were inducted at Seven Mountains Scout Camp by Mr. Hocksworth. Research continues.
In 1942, the Lodge Secretary had all of the Lodge records in the Indian Village Cabin at Seven Mountains Scout Camp. While attending a meeting at the Dining Hall, the cabin caught fire and all the records were destroyed. This is a reason for confusion about our early years.
In 1953, Monaken Lodge was a member of Area 3A and hosted the annual Area Pow Wow. Before long, the state realigned and Monaken Lodge fell into Area 3E and held Area Pow Wows in 1959 and 1967. 1974 meant a new national restructure and a new Section for us: NE-5B. We hosted three Section NE-5B Conclaves (1975, 1981, and 1987). After yet another restructuring in 1988, the Lodge settled into Section NE-5. We hosted the 1997 Section NE-5 Conclave at Seven Mountains Scout Camp. In 1998, the final national restructure was completed and Monaken Lodge combined with six other Lodges to form Section NE-4B. The Lodge has hosted one Conclave, in 2004, in this Section.
Over the past 71 years, the Lodge has earned numerous Sectional and National recognitions including the prestigious E. Urner Goodman Camping Award. Many lasting project have improved the camp facilities including Rimmey Lodge, the Maintenance Shed, the OA and Pool Pavilions, the Campfire Circle, the Chapel, the Cross-Over Bridge, etc. Many members have been instrumental in other camp improvements including the new campsites, Nature Lodge, Dining Hall, Trading Post, Rover Cabin, Pool, Shooting Sports, and many more.
Rimmey Lodge
In 2008, the Lodge will celebrate the 25th Anniversary of Rimmey Lodge. The Lodge (which was built by Monaken Lodge and funded by members of the Council) was dedicated in 1983 in memory of Joseph Rimmey, a fellow Arrowman who was killed in a car accident.
Recently the Lodge has been working to improve the front landscape of the Lodge. The Lodge's plans for improving the landscape are: removing the shrubs, telephone poles, and flagpole (which was completed in 2007). In the spring of 2008, Brothers of the Lodge will install custom engraved bricks (a fund raising project started to raise money to complete interior renovations) in the ground to form a new walkway which will lead from the headstone in front of the Lodge to the Lodge itself.
At the 2007 Fall Ordeal, a member of the Lodge discovered an engraved plaque in the ground. The plaque was covered by overgrown grass and dirt for many of years. Under the plaque is a time capsule that was buried during the Lodge's 50th Anniversary. The time capsule will be opened during the Lodge's 75th Anniversary.
Chapters
The Lodge has 3 Chapters which correspond with each District in the Council:
* Shawnee Chapter - Shawnee District, which encompasses Mifflin and Juniata Counties
* Oneida Chapter - Oneida District, which encompasses a majority of Huntingdon County
* Nittany Chapter - Nittany Mountain District, which encompasses a majority of Centre County
Events
The Lodge has 6 events throughout the course of a year.
* February Pow Wow. The event is primarily a free weekend for Lodge members. There is a brunch served Saturday and a variety of activities available throughout the weekend, including: committee fair, ceremonies competition, and indoor and outdoor games.
* Chapter Weekend. This is a Chapter event. Lodge members stay with their respective Chapters for the weekend for fun and fellowship. Saturday, the Lodge holds a Woodchuck Work Day to do service for Camp Seven Mountains.
* Spring Ordeal. The biggest weekend the Lodge has, the Lodge prepares the Camp for summer use. Sunday, Founder's Award nominees are selected and Lodge and Chapter nominations are conducted.
* Section Conclave. This is the event where all 7 Lodges in Section NE-4B gather for a weekend of fun, fellowship, and training. Each Lodge hosts the Conclave once every 7 years (the Lodge last hosted the Conclave in 2004 and will host it again in 2011).
* Fall Ordeal. After the summer season, the Lodge prepares camp for winter use. Sunday, the Lodge selects 2 Founder's Award recipients (1 youth and 1 adult) which will be presented at the Family Banquet. Also conducted is the Chapter and Lodge Officer Elections, the newly elected officers take office October 1.
* Woodchuck Ordeal. Any service work that is needed to be done is accomplished during this weekend. Saturday night is the infamous Woodchuck Wing Off: where Members compete too see who can eat the most Wings!
* Family Banquet. The event where Family member and Lodge members gather for an evening meal, which features a guest speaker. Previous guest speakers include: Council Presidents, Section Chiefs, Judges, Past Lodge Chiefs, and many more. Presented at the Family Banquet is the 2 Founder's Award recipients (1 youth and 1 adult). The meal is held in each Chapter once every 3 years (Nittany hosted it in 2007, Oneida will host it in 2008, and Shawnee will host it in 2009).
The Lodge does service work at Camp Seven Mountains, in Spring Mills, PA and uses the Camp for a majority of its events.
History
The Lodge was first chartered in 1937 by Camp Director Jack Swetek and Program Director Reed Babcook who inducted the staff of Camp Auquanoshioni (later known as Seven Mountains Scout Camp) as the first members. Although the original charters names us as Juniata Lodge, local records indicate we were known as Monaken Lodge. On July 28, 1937 a call out ceremony was performed to recognize the staff as candidates for membership in the Order of the Arrow. In the fall of that year, an Ordeal was held. It is believed that Mr. Swetek and Mr. Babcook were Arrowmen from other parts of the state and could have done the induction. In 1939 nine Brothers were elevated to the Brotherhood Honor at a Pow Wow held in Virginia. In 1948, the first three Vigil members were inducted at Seven Mountains Scout Camp by Mr. Hocksworth. Research continues.
In 1942, the Lodge Secretary had all of the Lodge records in the Indian Village Cabin at Seven Mountains Scout Camp. While attending a meeting at the Dining Hall, the cabin caught fire and all the records were destroyed. This is a reason for confusion about our early years.
In 1953, Monaken Lodge was a member of Area 3A and hosted the annual Area Pow Wow. Before long, the state realigned and Monaken Lodge fell into Area 3E and held Area Pow Wows in 1959 and 1967. 1974 meant a new national restructure and a new Section for us: NE-5B. We hosted three Section NE-5B Conclaves (1975, 1981, and 1987). After yet another restructuring in 1988, the Lodge settled into Section NE-5. We hosted the 1997 Section NE-5 Conclave at Seven Mountains Scout Camp. In 1998, the final national restructure was completed and Monaken Lodge combined with six other Lodges to form Section NE-4B. The Lodge has hosted one Conclave, in 2004, in this Section.
Over the past 71 years, the Lodge has earned numerous Sectional and National recognitions including the prestigious E. Urner Goodman Camping Award. Many lasting project have improved the camp facilities including Rimmey Lodge, the Maintenance Shed, the OA and Pool Pavilions, the Campfire Circle, the Chapel, the Cross-Over Bridge, etc. Many members have been instrumental in other camp improvements including the new campsites, Nature Lodge, Dining Hall, Trading Post, Rover Cabin, Pool, Shooting Sports, and many more.
Rimmey Lodge
In 2008, the Lodge will celebrate the 25th Anniversary of Rimmey Lodge. The Lodge (which was built by Monaken Lodge and funded by members of the Council) was dedicated in 1983 in memory of Joseph Rimmey, a fellow Arrowman who was killed in a car accident.
Recently the Lodge has been working to improve the front landscape of the Lodge. The Lodge's plans for improving the landscape are: removing the shrubs, telephone poles, and flagpole (which was completed in 2007). In the spring of 2008, Brothers of the Lodge will install custom engraved bricks (a fund raising project started to raise money to complete interior renovations) in the ground to form a new walkway which will lead from the headstone in front of the Lodge to the Lodge itself.
At the 2007 Fall Ordeal, a member of the Lodge discovered an engraved plaque in the ground. The plaque was covered by overgrown grass and dirt for many of years. Under the plaque is a time capsule that was buried during the Lodge's 50th Anniversary. The time capsule will be opened during the Lodge's 75th Anniversary.
Chapters
The Lodge has 3 Chapters which correspond with each District in the Council:
* Shawnee Chapter - Shawnee District, which encompasses Mifflin and Juniata Counties
* Oneida Chapter - Oneida District, which encompasses a majority of Huntingdon County
* Nittany Chapter - Nittany Mountain District, which encompasses a majority of Centre County
Events
The Lodge has 6 events throughout the course of a year.
* February Pow Wow. The event is primarily a free weekend for Lodge members. There is a brunch served Saturday and a variety of activities available throughout the weekend, including: committee fair, ceremonies competition, and indoor and outdoor games.
* Chapter Weekend. This is a Chapter event. Lodge members stay with their respective Chapters for the weekend for fun and fellowship. Saturday, the Lodge holds a Woodchuck Work Day to do service for Camp Seven Mountains.
* Spring Ordeal. The biggest weekend the Lodge has, the Lodge prepares the Camp for summer use. Sunday, Founder's Award nominees are selected and Lodge and Chapter nominations are conducted.
* Section Conclave. This is the event where all 7 Lodges in Section NE-4B gather for a weekend of fun, fellowship, and training. Each Lodge hosts the Conclave once every 7 years (the Lodge last hosted the Conclave in 2004 and will host it again in 2011).
* Fall Ordeal. After the summer season, the Lodge prepares camp for winter use. Sunday, the Lodge selects 2 Founder's Award recipients (1 youth and 1 adult) which will be presented at the Family Banquet. Also conducted is the Chapter and Lodge Officer Elections, the newly elected officers take office October 1.
* Woodchuck Ordeal. Any service work that is needed to be done is accomplished during this weekend. Saturday night is the infamous Woodchuck Wing Off: where Members compete too see who can eat the most Wings!
* Family Banquet. The event where Family member and Lodge members gather for an evening meal, which features a guest speaker. Previous guest speakers include: Council Presidents, Section Chiefs, Judges, Past Lodge Chiefs, and many more. Presented at the Family Banquet is the 2 Founder's Award recipients (1 youth and 1 adult). The meal is held in each Chapter once every 3 years (Nittany hosted it in 2007, Oneida will host it in 2008, and Shawnee will host it in 2009).
Matthew Taylor Ruggieri is a Los Angeles based music video director. He was born May 13, 1989 in Granada Hills, California.
At a very young age, Matthew started by filming multiple short films, one being Mathematical Musical, which won 6 awards. He was also joined by his twin brother Garrett Ruggieri.
In 2004, The Ruggieri brothers shot their first music video for Goodbye Skyline. The following year, Ruggieri was called upon to produce two videos for Drive-Thru Records' bands: Madison and The Mile After.
After graduating high school a year early, Matthew was recruited to intern at Warner Bros. Records' Visual Content department in Burbank, California. Under the direction of Lydia and Devin Sarno, Matthew produced projects for bands such as: Goo Goo Dolls, The Flaming Lips, Sheryl Crow, MuteMath, Lil' Scrappy, Fort Minor, Talib Kweli and many more.
Ruggieri continues to produce and direct music video projects for indie and major labels under Tuff Guy Productions.
Videography
*Goodbye Skyline - Anthony's Fall
*The Mile After - Worst Offender
*Madison - My Space Is Your Space
At a very young age, Matthew started by filming multiple short films, one being Mathematical Musical, which won 6 awards. He was also joined by his twin brother Garrett Ruggieri.
In 2004, The Ruggieri brothers shot their first music video for Goodbye Skyline. The following year, Ruggieri was called upon to produce two videos for Drive-Thru Records' bands: Madison and The Mile After.
After graduating high school a year early, Matthew was recruited to intern at Warner Bros. Records' Visual Content department in Burbank, California. Under the direction of Lydia and Devin Sarno, Matthew produced projects for bands such as: Goo Goo Dolls, The Flaming Lips, Sheryl Crow, MuteMath, Lil' Scrappy, Fort Minor, Talib Kweli and many more.
Ruggieri continues to produce and direct music video projects for indie and major labels under Tuff Guy Productions.
Videography
*Goodbye Skyline - Anthony's Fall
*The Mile After - Worst Offender
*Madison - My Space Is Your Space
Matthew Pinto is president of Ascension Press, creator of the Amazing Grace book series, publisher of the The Great Adventure Bible Timeline, and distributor of Christopher West's writings of Theology of the Body. The series Amazing Grace is co-authored with Jeff Cavins. Matthew is also the author of the best-selling book "Did Adam & Eve have Belly Buttons?" as well as co-author to the sequel, "Did Jesus Have a Last Name?"