The "State of Palestine" ( dawlat filastin medinat phalastin ) is the name given to a proposed Palestinian state that would govern the occupied Palestinian territories, but does not currently have sovereignty there. It was declared in Algiers on November 15, 1988, by the Palestinian National Council, the legislative body of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). The aim of the Council is for the state to comprise both the West Bank and the Gaza Strip with Jerusalem as its capital.
Approval of Declaration
The declaration was approved by the Palestinian National Council in Algiers on November 15, 1988 by a vote of 253 in favour 46 against and 10 abstentions.
The declaration invoked the Treaty of Lausanne (1923) and UN General Assembly Resolution 181 in support of its claim to a "State of Palestine on our Palestinian territory with its capital Jerusalem".
The proclaimed "State of Palestine" was recognized immediately by the Arab League. The State of Palestine is not recognized by the United Nations.
Though not recognising the State of Palestine, the European Union, as well as most of its member states, maintain diplomatic ties with the Palestinian Authority, established under the Oslo Accords. Leila Shahid, envoy of the PLO to France since 1984, was named representative of the Palestinian Authority for Europe in November 2005 .
Impact
The declaration is generally interpreted as recognizing Israel within its pre-1967 boundaries, or was at least a major step on the path to recognition. Just as in , it partly bases its claims on UN GA 181. By reference to "resolutions of Arab Summits" and "UN resolutions since 1947" (like SC 242) it implicitly and perhaps ambiguously restricted its immediate claims to the Palestinian territories and Jerusalem. It was accompanied by a political statement that explicitly mentioned SC 242 and other UN resolutions and called only for withdrawal from "Arab Jerusalem" and the other "Arab territories occupied." Yasser Arafat's statements in Geneva a month later were accepted by the United States as sufficient to remove the ambiguities it saw in the declaration and to fulfill the longheld conditions for open dialogue with the United States.
The PLO envisages the establishment of a State of Palestine to include all or part of the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and East Jerusalem (the Palestinian territories), living in peace with Israel under a democratically elected and sovereign government. To this end, it took part in negotiations with Israel resulting in the 1993 Declaration of Principles, which along with subsequent agreements between the two parties provided for the establishment of a Palestinian interim self-governing authority with partial control over defined areas in the Palestinian territories. This authority, known as the Palestinian Authority or Palestinian National Authority (PNA), however, does not claim sovereignty over any territory and therefore is not the government of the "State of Palestine" proclaimed in 1988.
States that recognize the State of Palestine
:See also: Diplomatic missions of the Palestinian National Authority
More than 100 states recognize the State of Palestine, and 20 more grant some form of diplomatic status to a Palestinian delegation, falling short of full diplomatic recognition.
The following are listed in alphabetical order by region.
Africa
* Algeria
* Benin
Asia
* Afghanistan
* Tajikistan
* Turkmenistan
Europe
* Albania
* Montenegro
* Poland
Middle East
* Bahrain
* Palestinian Special Delegation: Mexico
United Nations representation
The Palestine Liberation Organization gained observer status at the United Nations General Assembly in 1974 (General Assembly resolution 3237). Acknowledging the proclamation of the State of Palestine, the UN redesignated this observer status as belonging to Palestine in 1988 (General Assembly resolution 43/177.) In July 1998, the General Assembly adopted a new resolution (52/250) conferring upon Palestine additional rights and privileges, including the right to participate in the general debate held at the start of each session of the General Assembly, the right of reply, the right to co-sponsor resolutions and the right to raise points of order on Palestinian and Middle East issues. By this resolution, "seating for Palestine shall be arranged immediately after non-member States and before the other observers." This resolution was adopted by a vote of 124 in favor, 4 against (Israel, USA, Marshall Islands, Micronesia) and 10 abstentions.
Approval of Declaration
The declaration was approved by the Palestinian National Council in Algiers on November 15, 1988 by a vote of 253 in favour 46 against and 10 abstentions.
The declaration invoked the Treaty of Lausanne (1923) and UN General Assembly Resolution 181 in support of its claim to a "State of Palestine on our Palestinian territory with its capital Jerusalem".
The proclaimed "State of Palestine" was recognized immediately by the Arab League. The State of Palestine is not recognized by the United Nations.
Though not recognising the State of Palestine, the European Union, as well as most of its member states, maintain diplomatic ties with the Palestinian Authority, established under the Oslo Accords. Leila Shahid, envoy of the PLO to France since 1984, was named representative of the Palestinian Authority for Europe in November 2005 .
Impact
The declaration is generally interpreted as recognizing Israel within its pre-1967 boundaries, or was at least a major step on the path to recognition. Just as in , it partly bases its claims on UN GA 181. By reference to "resolutions of Arab Summits" and "UN resolutions since 1947" (like SC 242) it implicitly and perhaps ambiguously restricted its immediate claims to the Palestinian territories and Jerusalem. It was accompanied by a political statement that explicitly mentioned SC 242 and other UN resolutions and called only for withdrawal from "Arab Jerusalem" and the other "Arab territories occupied." Yasser Arafat's statements in Geneva a month later were accepted by the United States as sufficient to remove the ambiguities it saw in the declaration and to fulfill the longheld conditions for open dialogue with the United States.
The PLO envisages the establishment of a State of Palestine to include all or part of the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and East Jerusalem (the Palestinian territories), living in peace with Israel under a democratically elected and sovereign government. To this end, it took part in negotiations with Israel resulting in the 1993 Declaration of Principles, which along with subsequent agreements between the two parties provided for the establishment of a Palestinian interim self-governing authority with partial control over defined areas in the Palestinian territories. This authority, known as the Palestinian Authority or Palestinian National Authority (PNA), however, does not claim sovereignty over any territory and therefore is not the government of the "State of Palestine" proclaimed in 1988.
States that recognize the State of Palestine
:See also: Diplomatic missions of the Palestinian National Authority
More than 100 states recognize the State of Palestine, and 20 more grant some form of diplomatic status to a Palestinian delegation, falling short of full diplomatic recognition.
The following are listed in alphabetical order by region.
Africa
* Algeria
* Benin
Asia
* Afghanistan
* Tajikistan
* Turkmenistan
Europe
* Albania
* Montenegro
* Poland
Middle East
* Bahrain
* Palestinian Special Delegation: Mexico
United Nations representation
The Palestine Liberation Organization gained observer status at the United Nations General Assembly in 1974 (General Assembly resolution 3237). Acknowledging the proclamation of the State of Palestine, the UN redesignated this observer status as belonging to Palestine in 1988 (General Assembly resolution 43/177.) In July 1998, the General Assembly adopted a new resolution (52/250) conferring upon Palestine additional rights and privileges, including the right to participate in the general debate held at the start of each session of the General Assembly, the right of reply, the right to co-sponsor resolutions and the right to raise points of order on Palestinian and Middle East issues. By this resolution, "seating for Palestine shall be arranged immediately after non-member States and before the other observers." This resolution was adopted by a vote of 124 in favor, 4 against (Israel, USA, Marshall Islands, Micronesia) and 10 abstentions.
Handiphobia is a broadly accepted neologism indicating the fobia towards getting a physical or mental disability; it is also the fobia of bearing a disabled child. This term was created in 2000 in France were the "" were created, to contrast eugenism in prenatal diagnosis as well as the idea of wrongful life . "Wrongful birth" suits claim that the negligence of health-care providers (for example, botching sterilizations, failing to inform about a prenatal test, or misdiagnosing a fetus's handicap) prevent the mother from exercising her right of autonomy and thus to abortion.
Joey Jordison of and King ov Hell of Gorgoroth formed a currently an unnamed side-project in 2007. The double recruted Dan Spitz of Anthrax as guitarist shortley after the formation of the band.
King announced the formation of the band in February 2007.
Current Band members
*King ov Hell - bass (Gorgoroth, Sahg, I, ex-Audrey Horne)
*Joey Jordison - drums, guitars (Slipknot, ex-Murderdolls, ex-Ministry)
*Dan Spitz - lead guitars (Anthrax)
Possible additions
*Gaahl - vocals
*Corey Taylor - vocals
*Jan Axel Blomberg - Drums
* a second guitarist
King announced the formation of the band in February 2007.
Current Band members
*King ov Hell - bass (Gorgoroth, Sahg, I, ex-Audrey Horne)
*Joey Jordison - drums, guitars (Slipknot, ex-Murderdolls, ex-Ministry)
*Dan Spitz - lead guitars (Anthrax)
Possible additions
*Gaahl - vocals
*Corey Taylor - vocals
*Jan Axel Blomberg - Drums
* a second guitarist
Charles Bing is the father of Chandler Bing in the TV sitcom Friends and is played by Kathleen Turner.
Earlier in the show, Charles was referred to as a gay man by his son Chandler. However towards the end of Season 7, the role of Charles was retconned and he became a transsexual, being portrayed by Turner. She appeared in a drag show in Vegas under the stage name Helena Handbasket, but continued to live as a female off-stage. Post-retconn, Chandler mentioned that "Charles" lived as a woman for at least part of Chandler's childhood or adolescence.
Before the retconn, Chandler referred to Charles as an effeminate gay man, but not a transsexual. He was referred to as starring in a specifically male Burlesque show in Las Vegas - Viva Las Gaygas.
Charles and Chandler's mother announced their divorce on Thanksgiving, sparking Chandlers hate of the holiday. The final straw leading to the divorce was Charles' affair with their houseboy.
Earlier in the show, Charles was referred to as a gay man by his son Chandler. However towards the end of Season 7, the role of Charles was retconned and he became a transsexual, being portrayed by Turner. She appeared in a drag show in Vegas under the stage name Helena Handbasket, but continued to live as a female off-stage. Post-retconn, Chandler mentioned that "Charles" lived as a woman for at least part of Chandler's childhood or adolescence.
Before the retconn, Chandler referred to Charles as an effeminate gay man, but not a transsexual. He was referred to as starring in a specifically male Burlesque show in Las Vegas - Viva Las Gaygas.
Charles and Chandler's mother announced their divorce on Thanksgiving, sparking Chandlers hate of the holiday. The final straw leading to the divorce was Charles' affair with their houseboy.