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Phonostatistical distances between Basque and other languages
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Phonostatistical distances between Basque and other languages describes a typological linguistic model comparing the Basque language with other world languages based on the frequency of occurrence of consonants by using the formula of Euclidean distance. In 2003, Russian linguist Yuri Tambovtsev and his team measured the phonostatistical distances between Basque and other world languages. The aim is to find some traits and hints from the typological point which may help to find the languages genetically related to Basque (Tambovtsev, 2001: 83-85) Distances between Basque and world languages In order to achieve the optimal and unbiased results the method was computer-calculated. The typologically closest Indo-European language is Gypsy (7.89), the farthest - Vedic (21.09). The closest Finno-Ugric language is Ludikov dialect of Karel (6.90), the farthest - the Northern dialect of Mansi (23.30). Turkic languages seem to be the closest to Basque: Kazakh (5.31), Tofalar (5.96), Tuvin (6.83), Altai-Chalkan (7.00), Shor (7.04), Kyrgyz (7.09), Uzbek (7.42), Hakas (7.70), Tatar-Kazan (7.73), Turkish (7.84). Ten Turkic languages are closer to Basque, then the closest Indo-European language, Gypsy. Mongolic languages are also close enough: Mongolian (7.28), Buryat (8.48) and Kalmyk (8.81). Tungus-Manchurian languages seem to be rather far away: the nearest Nanai (12.51). Paleo-Asiatic languages are also far away: the closest Koryak (18.07). The isolated languages have the following order: Korean (9.64), Ket (13.05), Yukaghir (20.43) and Nivkh (24.29).: + Basque 0 (isolated) #Kazakh 5.31 (Turkic) #Tofalar 5.96 (Turkic) #Tuvin 6.83 (Turkic) #Ludikov Karelian 6.90 (Finno-Ugric) #Altai-Chalkan 7.00 (Turkic) #Shor 7.04 (Turkic) #Kyrgyz 7.09 (Turkic) #Mongolian 7.28 (Mongolic) #Uzbek 7.42 (Turkic) #Khakas 7.70 (Turkic) #Tatar-Kazan 7.73 (Turkic) #Turkish 7.84 (Turkic) #Gypsy 7.89 (Indo-European) #Spanish 8.03 (Indo-European) #Buryat 8.48 (Mongolic) #Moldavian 8.63 (Indo-European) #Kalmyk 8.81 (Mongolic) #Bengal 8.96 (Indo-European) #Norwegian 9.34 (Indo-European) #Latvian 9.36 (Indo-European) #Persian 9.36 (Indo-European) #Osetian 9.36 (Indo-European) #Korean 9.64 (isolated) #Italian 9.68 (Indo-European) #Esperanto 10.04 (Indo-European) #Marathi 10.14 (Indo-European) #Latin 10.54 (Indo-European) #Portuguese 10.70 (Indo-European) #Dutch 10.71 (Indo-European) #Russian 10.84 (Indo-European) #Rumanian 11.21 (Indo-European) #Old Greek 11.27 (Indo-European) #Serbo-Cro. 11.44 (Indo-European) #Lithuanian 11.64 (Indo-European) #Armenian 11.67 (Indo-European) #Old English 11.80 (Indo-European) #Hindi 12.00 (Indo-European) #Tadjik 12.05 (Indo-European) #Albanian 12.36 (Indo-European) #Nanai 12.51 (Tungus-Manchu) #Greek 12.75 (Indo-European) #Sanscrit 12.97 (Indo-European) #Ket 13.05 (isolated) #Czech 13.32 (Indo-European) #Slovak 13.72 (Indo-European) #English 13.78 (Indo-European) #Bulgarian 14.06 (Indo-European) #Belorussian 14.31 (Indo-European) #German 14.45 (Indo-European) #Danish 15.71 (Indo-European) #French 16.10 (Indo-European) #Irish 16.16 (Indo-European) #Prakrit 17.55 (Indo-European) #Ukrainian 17.68 (Indo-European) #Gudjarati 17.73 (Indo-European) #Koryak 18.07 (Paleo-Asiatic) #Polish 18.52 (Indo-European) #Yukaghir 20.43 (isolated) #Verdic 21.09 (Indo-European) #Northern Mansi 23.30 (Finno-Ugric) #Nivkh 24.29 (isolated) See Also
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