Harold Gunness

Harold Gunness (February 6, 1899 - March 11, 2003) was the last surviving American veteran of the Polar Bear Expedition, part of the intervention by the allied forces in the Russian Civil War.
Biography
After graduating from a high school in Barnesville, Minnesota, in 1917, Gunness enlisted in the Navy. He was assigned to the cruiser , which escorted troop transports across the Atlantic. When the ship was sent to Arkhangelsk, in northern Russia, in August 1918, about 50 men from her, including Gunness, were attached to the Army's 339th Infantry Regiment.
Gunness was issued with an American-made M1891 Mosin-Nagant rifle, and in September his unit traveled up the Dvina River on barges. About 200 miles from the coast they engaged Bolshevik troops around the village of Seletsko, driving them out. However, the Russians regrouped and flanked the Americans, who were forced to retreat. Gunness eventually returned to the Olympia, and sailed for England in November 1918.<ref name="Kramer"/>
After the war, Gunness opened a hardware store in Minnesota, before moving to Hillsboro, Oregon, in 1951. He had two sons, three stepchildren, and 17 grandchildren.<ref name="Kramer"/>

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