Eurabia: The Euro-Arab Axis is a book by Bat Ye'or. In the book Bat Ye'or documents negotiations, agreements, and directives that have taken place since the early 1970s between European heads of state and leaders of the Arab world, which have resulted in the establishment of what she terms Eurabia and the forging of a joint foreign policy based on hostility against Israel and hostile competition with America. In her book Eurabia: The Euro-Arab Axis, Bat Ye'or states that Eurabia is the result of the French-led European policy originally intended to increase European power against the United States by aligning its interests with those of the Arab countries. She regards it as a primary cause of European hostility to Israel, referring to joint Euro-Arab foreign policies that she characterizes as anti-American and anti-Zionist. The term is generally used in combination with "dhimmitude", another term introduced by Ye'or, denoting an attitude of concession, surrender and appeasement towards Islam. Her definition of the term is: