SSC Movement

SSC Movement or The Unity and Salvation Authority of SSC () was the self-proclaimed autonomous authority of the Dhulbahante clan living between Somaliland and Puntland, which was active from 2009 to around 2012. It claimed possession of the so-called SSC regions of Sool(S), Sanaag(S), and Cayn(C).
History
The Dhulbahante clan inhabits the Sool, Sanaag and Cayn regions or SSC regions. (However, SSC regions, especially Sanaag, are also inhabited by non-Dhulbahante clans.) These areas belonged to British Somaliland until Somalia's independence and were positioned as a British protectorate. British Somaliland was based on an agreement between Britain and several clan chiefs in northwestern Somalia. However, the Dhulbahante clan was not a signatory to this agreement with the British and had its autonomous system.
British Somaliland became independent as the State of Somaliland on June 26, 1960, and merged with Italian Trust Territory of Somaliland on July 1 to become the Republic of Somalia. Somalia became a dictatorship in a coup d'état in 1969 and became a state of civil war around 1988.
In 1991, Somaliland declared independence and claimed the entire former British Somaliland as its territory; in 1998, Puntland declared its formation and claimed the whole Darood clan-inhabited area in northeastern Somalia, including the Dhulbahante clan, as its territory. As a result, the SSC region was claimed as territory by Somaliland and Puntland. In addition, the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia was established in 2004 to reunify Somalia, but the Somaliland government did not participate in the process.
On the other hand, until the first half of 2009, there was no clear move for independence for the Dhulbahante clan.
In October 2009, in Nairobi, Kenya, the Dhulbahante clans of northern Somalia and the diaspora outside Somalia came together to form the "Unity and Relief Agency for the SSC Regions of Somalia" (Haggaanka Mideynta iyo Badbaadinta Gobolada SSC ee Soomalia or Haggaanka Badbaadinta iyo Mideynta SSC) was established. The SSC is a combination of Sool, Sanaag, and Cayn, the settlements of the Dhulbahante clan.
**Farah Garad 7 people.
**Mohamud Garad 7 people
**Baho Nugaaled 7 people.
*Traditional leaders and Puntland, the "neighboring countries" of the HMB-SSC, strongly opposed the independence of the SSC.
In March 2010, a meeting between Dhulbahante elders and the President of Puntland and others was held in Garowe, the capital of Puntland, and it was reported that nine elders signed a document confirming that the territory of the SSC is Puntland territory. The report stated that the meeting was with "elders of the SSC," but it did not include the principal members of the SSC.
*Garad Suleiman Mohamed
*Garad Abdulahi Sofe
*Garad Abshir Salah
*Garad Mohamud Osman Mashqare
*Garad Suleiman Burale Au-Adan
*Ugas Farah Mohamud Ali
*King Abdulahi Ahmed Ali
*Garaad Ali Burale Hasan
*Sultan Sayid Osman Ali
Garad, Ugas, King, Garaad, and Sultan all mean the chief of a clan.
In May 2010, the first fighting between SSC militias and the Somaliland army broke out in southern Widhwidh. Fighting continued intermittently until July, spilling over into the Kalabaydh.
By September 2010, the situation had calmed down, and more than 90% of the hundreds of families who had been evacuated from Widhwidh were back in town.
In November 2010, a delegation including the President of the HBM-SSC and the Minister of Defense visited the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia (TFG) in the Somalia capital Mogadishu and met with President Sharif Sheikh Ahmed and Prime Minister Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, among others. Puntland condemned the TFG for this move. shortly after the meeting between the Somaliland delegation and Garaad Abshir Saalax, a conflict broke out in Kalshale between the Habr Je'lo, a branch of the Isaaq clan, and the Dhulbahante clan. The main reason for the conflict was that the Dhulbahante considered the construction of a permanent water storage facility by the Habr Je'lo to expansiond their territory on Kalshale, and that had been used jointly by the Habr Je'lo and the Dhulbahante. The Kalshale dispute was initially resolved through discussions among the elders, but there happened to be an incident where a man from the Habr Je'lo clan shot and killed a man from the Dhulbahante. Later, a group of Dhulbahante attacked Habr Je'lo, killing seven members of the Habr Je'lo clan and three members of the Dhulbahante clan. and on February 7, clashes in Kalshale killed dozens of people. The fighting continued until mid-February.
Legacy
In early June 2011, Somaliland Press reported that "in the last several months the TFG has been arming SSC militias in an attempt to create a conflict between Somaliland and Puntland in a mini-proxy war of its own."
On June 20, 2011, the Somaliland police arrested ten people for the attack on the Las Anod police station. The arrested individuals are allegedly linked to the SSC militia.
On June 26, 2011, Abdirisak Hassan Ismail signed a ceasefire agreement regarding the HBM-SSC representative in Widhwidh. However, on the following day, 27th, the Somaliland army base was attacked by a local militia, and the leader of HBM-SSC announced that they would continue fighting until Somaliland army withdrew from SSC area. This is seen as a division of the HBM-SSC.
A July 2011 United Nations Security Council report described the SSC militia as "can be characterized as an opportunistic and arguably mercenary militia force that has successfully appropriated legitimate local grievances and exploited radical diaspora sentiment for its own political and financial gain. "
In September 2011, as the HBM-SSC had become a Farah Garad-dominated organization and was considered unable to achieve its original objectives, a delegation of Dhulbahante intellectuals toured the Dhulbahante-inhabited areas of Sool, Sanaag, and Cayn.
A January 2012 UNPO report described the SSC militia as "militant accused of having ties with Al-Shabaab."
On February 7, 2012, Somaliland troops launched an offensive against Buuhoodle, killing at least three people in this February attack after more than 80 people had been killed in fighting through January.

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