ICE fuel conversion

An ICE fuel conversion is a form of green tuning where the internal combustion engine is adapted for use with a alternative fuel.
Types of conversions
Several types of conversions exist. These include:
* Vegetable oil conversion of diesel cars.
* Hydrogen and oxyhydrogen conversions. These only include Hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicle conversions and not hydrogen fuel cell conversions, which no longer use an internal combustion cycle. Pure hydrogen as well as Oxyhydrogen is completely non-polluting. Other mixtures as HCNG too exist but are no longer emission-less due to the presence of gases as natural gas.
* Hydrogen or oxyhydrogen-fossil fuel conversion. These conversions merely mix hydrogen/oxyhydrogen with fossil fuels. They are usually called hydrogen boosters or indicated by the term "supplemental hydrogen."
* Liquid nitrogen ICE conversions are conversions with Liquid nitrogen.
* Ethanol fuel conversions , and E85 conversions
* Natural gas, LPG, methanol, butanol and other fuel conversions
* unverified conversions with water
Comparision of conversions
Vegetable oil conversions are undoubtedly most known and popular conversions. However, vegetable oil, as well as most other combustible fuels (except hydrogen) are polluting to some degree. Although purer fuels (as ethanol, methanol, ...) burn cleaner, they too still emit poisonous gases, and toxicological and climate reports have stated that they are not more clean than gasoline/diesel and are sometimes even worse.
When compared against each other, conversion to liquid hydrogen, oxyhydrogen or liquid nitrogen internal combustion is undoubtedly the most ecologic. A conversion to hydrogen will completely eliminate all engine emissions. Hydrogen however has less energy per kg. These downsides however may also be reverted by improving the efficiency of the internal combustion engine itself, which is generally only 20% to 40% efficient (the remaining energy is lost as waste heat). This may be done in practice by the installation of heat exchangers hooked up to a Stirling engine (which may use the heat difference between the engine and the outside air to generate extra power). Liquid nitrogen conversions finally are also very ecologic, yet little information is already available on how a conversion can be done and how inexpensive liquid nitrogen generators can be made.
In practice
The possibility and difficulty of the ICE fuel conversion depends on the type of engine.
Rotary engines can be quite easily converted due to the fact that in most conversions, basically only the fuel is changed and not the engine itself, relatively few modifications need to be done.

With 4-stroke engines, conversions are also simple due to the fact that again only the fuel needs to be changed and not the engine. Diesel variants are most useful for vegetable oil conversions, while petrol engines are more simple in design and easier to convert with certain most fuels besides oil-based fuels.
For example with ethanol fuel conversions, only some mere changes in the carburetor (e.g. boring out of 2 jet orifices) and an alteration in the ignition timing needed to be done.

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