The term Humaniqueness was first coined by Brazilian-American writer and scholar Glauco Ortolano to describe the unique abilities human beings have been endowed with to create culture. The term became the title of Ortolano's book Humaniqueness: The Gift of Your Inner God.
The term has also been used by scholar and scientist, Marc D. Hauser, a psychology and biological anthropology professor from Harvard University. In his Humaniqueness hypothesis, Hauser compiled a list of the four major characteristics that he believes differentiate human from animal cognition. Hauser also states that animals are endowed with “laser beam” intelligence, in which specific problems are solved by specific solutions that are not used to be applied to new situations or to solve different kinds of problem. On the other hand, humans are endowed with “floodlight” cognition, which permit humans to use thought processes in new ways and to apply the solution of one problem in many different situations. Hauser presented his hypothesis for the first time at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science of 2008.
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