DNA art

DNA art is an art form based on the visualization of an individual's DNA. A standard practice for many years with genetic researchers DNA visualization took a bold step into the art world when a few creative minds merged art with science.
Your genetic blueprint begins with a buccal swab. Using a specially developed DNA swab kit, your DNA sample is sent to a laboratory for extraction, isolation, and visualization.
DNA collection
The process begins with the collection of your DNA sample. Within two days of placing an order, you will be sent a DNA swab kit. Inside you find a sterile packaged cotton swab and detailed instructions which should be followed.
You carefully rub the inside of your cheek with the cotton swab. Cells from the inner cheek membrane are absorbed within the cotton. You then place the cotton swab into the synthetic cover provided in the DNA kit put in the mail.
To ensure your privacy, DNA samples are usually coded with a number which is linked to your personal data prior to sending the DNA kit.
Labwork
Extraction
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) extraction is a process used to separate the DNA from the buccal swab. There are several different methods that can be used to extracting the DNA, such as:
* Organic Extraction Method - This is the phenol/chloroform method of purification. An organic extraction is when the cells are lysed in lysis buffer, Phenol/Chloroform is added, followed by centrifugation and extraction in water or TE (Tris/EDTA) buffer. Column Based Extraction falls under the organic extraction method. This is when the DNA sample undergoes a protease digestion, followed by purification based on binding the DNA to spin columns with a silica-gel membrane. (e.g., DNeasy Tisse Kit).
* Chelex Extraction Method - In this method, the sample is suspended in diluted chelex and incubated, then follewed with centrifugation. Automatic extraction methods can fall under the chelex method, where automated instruments that utilize magnetic bead technology are utilized to extract the DNA.
* FTA Paper Extraction Method - This is a fast and efficient method in which the sample is applied on FTA paper and the cells are lysed on contact. This is then transferred to a wash that removes the PCR inhibitors.
Amplification
The extracted DNA sample is now amplified by using a technique called PCR (polymerase chain reaction). This is used to amplify a specific region of DNA in order to produce a large number of nearly identical copies. This process is carried out at different temperatures optimal for the template DNA to undergo denaturation, anneling, and elongation. The enzyme typically used in this process to facilitate the reaction is usually Taq polymerase. Isolated from thermophilic bacterium, making this enzyme the best choice due to its thermostable qualities.
Separation
This is done using a technique called gel electrophoresis, where the Template DNA is added to an agarose gel, then an electrical current is added to separate the DNA based on defining characteristics, such as the size, shape, charge, and isoelectric point.
Visualization
In this step, the agarose gel containing the separated DNA from the gel electrophoresis is placed on a UV transilluminator for visualization. A special camera is used to make a high resolution photograph. The unique genetic "fingerprint" has now been captured.
The numerical code which is linked to your DNA is also photographed, ruling out accidental swaps, and ensuring your privacy. The lab technicians do not have access to your personal data.
Destroying DNA
After the procedure has finished, both the DNA and gel pattern are directly destroyed in the lab. This occurs under high pressure at 120 degrees Celsius.
Transfer to canvas
The image is uploaded on a computer and edited for optimization in a photo editing program. After digitally optimizing the image, there are several different methods used. The most popular method is to use an inkjet large format printer to print the image on canvas. Some companies offer the added option to transpose a photograph or image onto the canvas. Mixed media DNA Art paintings start with a giclée print, followed by adding in the fine details with acrylic paints, then coated with a gloss varnish.
Themed DNA art
Themed DNA Art styles are created from the DNA fingerprint of specific genes and not from the entire genome. Some examples of the specific genes used for themed DNA Art styles include the God Gene (VMAT2) and the "IQ" Gene (NOS3).
History
DNA Art is constantly evolving. Now you can merge 2 or more DNA samples in one canvas, include a photograph into your DNA Art, add a signature, etc. Companies like DNA Art Online® now offers Themed DNA Art Galleries, where certain traits, or genes, are isolated then the DNA fingerprint is created from that specific trait, or gene.

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