Descent of Elizabeth II from the Franks

This line shows Queen descent from Arnulf of Metz, the earliest known ancestor of the Carolingian Franks. Arnulf is attested by numerous sources and generally uncontested by historians. Claims of his descent, from 4th Century Roman proconsul Flavius Afranius Syagrius, are regarded by historians as dubious (see Descent from antiquity).
The descent
<ol>
<li>Saint Arnulf of Metz, 582 - 640, son of Arnoald
<li>Ansegisel, 606 - 670, 2nd son of St Arnulf
<li>Pepin of Herstal, 635 - 714, 1st son of Ansegisel
<li>Charles Martel, 686 - 741, 3rd son of Pepin of Herstal
<li>Pepin the Short, 714 - 768, 2nd son of Charles Martel
<li>Charlemagne, 744 - 814, 1st son of Pepin the Short
<li>Louis the Pious, 778 - 840, 4th son of Charlemagne
<li>Charles the Bald, 823 - 877, 4th son of Louis the Pious
<li>Judith of Flanders, 844 - 870, 1st daughter of Charles the Bald
House of Flanders
<li>Baldwin II, Count of Flanders, 865 - 918, 1st son of Judith
<li>Arnulf I, Count of Flanders, 890 - 965, 1st son of Baldwin II
<li>Baldwin III, Count of Flanders, 940 - 962, 2nd son of Arnulf I
<li>Arnulf II, Count of Flanders, 960 - 988, 1st son of Baldwin III
<li>Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders, 980 - 1036, 1st son of Arnulf II
<li>Baldwin V, Count of Flanders, d. 1067, 1st son of Baldwin IV
<li>Matilda of Flanders, 1031 - 1083, 1st daughter of Baldwin V
House of Normandy
<li>Henry I of England, 1068 - 1135, 4th son of Matilda and William I of England ()
<li>Empress Matilda, 1102 - 1167, 2nd daughter of Henry I
House of Plantagenet
<li>Henry II of England, 1133 - 1189, 1st son of Matilda and Geoffrey V of Anjou ()
<li>John of England, 1166 - 1216, 5th son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine (descent)
<li>Henry III of England, 1207 - 1272, 1st son of John
<li>Edward I of England, 1239 - 1307, 1st son of Henry III
<li>Edward II of England, 1284 - 1327, 4th son of Edward I
<li>Edward III of England, 1312 - 1377, 1st son of Edward II
<li>Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, 1338 - 1368, 3rd son of Edward III
<li>Philippa Plantagenet, 5th Countess of Ulster, 1355 - 1382, 1st daughter of Lionel of Antwerp
House of Mortimer
<li>Roger Mortimer, 4th Earl of March, 1374 - 1398, 1st son of Philippa
<li>Anne de Mortimer, 1390 - 1411, 1st daughter of Roger Mortimer and Alianore Holland ()
House of Plantagenet
<li>Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, 1411 - 1460, 1st son of Anne Mortimer and Richard of Conisburgh ()
<li>Edward IV of England, 1442 - 1483, 2nd son of Richard of York and Cecily Neville ()
<li>Elizabeth of York, 1466 - 1503, 1st daughter of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville ()
House of Tudor
<li>Margaret Tudor, 1489 - 1541, 1st daughter of Elizabeth of York and Henry VII of England ()
House of Stuart
<li>James V of Scotland, 1512 - 1542, 3rd son of Margaret Tudor and James IV of Scotland ()
<li>Mary I of Scotland, 1542 - 1587, 1st daughter of James V and Mary of Guise ()
<li>James I of England, 1566 - 1625, 1st son of Mary I and Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley ()
<li>Elizabeth of Bohemia, 1596 - 1662, 1st daughter of James I and Anne of Denmark ()
House of Wittelsbach
<li>Sophia of Hanover, 5th daughter of Elizabeth of Bohemia and Frederick V, Elector Palatine ()
House of Hanover
<li>George I of Great Britain, 1660 - 1727, 1st son of Sophia of Hanover and Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover ()
<li>George II of Great Britain, 1683 - 1760, 1st son of George I and Sophia of Celle ()
<li>Frederick, Prince of Wales, 1707 - 1751, 1st son of George II and Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach ()
<li>George III of the United Kingdom, 1738 - 1820, 1st son of Frederick and Augusta of Saxe-Gotha ()
<li>Prince Edward Augustus, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, 1767 - 1820, 4th son of George III
<li>Victoria of the United Kingdom, 1819 - 1901, 1st daughter of Edward Augustus
House Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
<li>Edward VII of the United Kingdom, 1841 - 1910, 1st son of Victoria
House Windsor
<li>George V of the United Kingdom, 1865 - 1936, 2nd son of Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark ()
<li>George VI of the United Kingdom, 1895 - 1952, 2nd son of George V and Mary of Teck ()
<li>Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, b. 1926, 1st daughter of George VI
<li>Charles, Prince of Wales, b. 1948, 1st son of Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh ()
<li>Prince William of Wales, b. 1982, 1st son of Prince Charles
</ol>
William I's descent
#Charlemagne
#Pepin of Italy ne Carloman, 3rd son of Charlemagne by Hildegarde
#Bernard of Italy son of Pepin
#Pepin, Count of Vermandois son of Bernard
#Herbert I, Count of Vermandois son of Pepin
#Herbert II, Count of Vermandois 1st son of Herbert I
#Robert of Vermandois 3rd son of Herbert II
#Adele of Meaux 1st daughter of Robert
#Ermengarde of Anjou, Duchess of Brittany daughter of Adele and Geoffrey I of Anjou
#Judith of Brittany daughter of Ermengarde and Conan I of Rennes
#Robert I, Duke of Normandy son of Judith and Richard II, Duke of Normandy
#William I of England son of Robert
Geoffrey V of Anjou's descent
#Charlemagne
#Pepin of Italy ne Carloman, 3rd son of Charlemagne by Hildegarde
#Bernard of Italy son of Pepin
#Pepin, Count of Vermandois son of Bernard
#Herbert I, Count of Vermandois son of Pepin
#Herbert II, Count of Vermandois 1st son of Herbert I
#Robert of Vermandois 3rd son of Herbert II
#Adele of Meaux 1st daughter of Robert
#Fulk III, Count of Anjou son of Adele and Geoffrey I of Anjou
#Ermengarde of Anjou daughter of Fulk III
#Fulk IV, Count of Anjou son of Ermengarde and Geoffrey, Count of Gâtinais
#Fulk V of Anjou son of Fulk IV
#Geoffrey V of Anjou son of Fulk V
Eleanor of Aquitaine's descent
#Charlemagne
#Pepin of Italy ne Carloman, 3rd son of Charlemagne by Hildegarde
#Bernard of Italy son of Pepin
#Pepin, Count of Vermandois son of Bernard
#Herbert I, Count of Vermandois son of Pepin
#Herbert II, Count of Vermandois 1st son of Herbert I
#Robert of Vermandois 3rd son of Herbert II
#Adele of Meaux 1st daughter of Robert
#Fulk III, Count of Anjou son of Adele and Geoffrey I of Anjou
#Ermengarde of Anjou daughter of Fulk III
#Hildegarde of Burgundy daughter of Ermengarde and Robert I, Duke of Burgundy
#William IX of Aquitaine son of Hildegarde and William VIII
#William X of Aquitaine son of William IX
#Eleanor of Aquitaine daughter of William X
Alianore Holland's descent
Alianore Holland, wife of Roger Mortimer, was also a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative line;
#Edward I of England, 1239 - 1307 (generation 29 of main line)
#Edmund of Woodstock, 1st Earl of Kent, 1301 - 1300, 6th son of Edward I
#Joan of Kent, 1328 - 1385, 2nd daughter of Edmund
#Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent, 1350 - 1397, 1st son of Joan
#Alianore Holland, 1373 - 1405, 2nd daughter of Thomas - married Roger Mortimer (generation 34 of main line)
Richard of Conisburgh's descent
Richard of Conisburgh, husband of Anne Mortimer, was also a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative line;
#Edward III of England, 1312 - 1377 (generation 31 of main line)
#Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York, 1341 - 1402, 5th son of Edward III
#Richard of Conisburgh, 3rd Earl of Cambridge, 1375 - 1415, 2nd son of Edmund - married Anne Mortimer (generation 35 of main line)
Cecily Neville's descent
Cecily Neville, wife of Richard Plantagenet, was also a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative line;
#Edward III of England, 1312 - 1377 (generation 31 of main line)
#John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 1340 - 1399, 4th son of Edward III
#Joan Beaufort, Countess of Westmorland, 1379 - 1440, 5th daughter of John of Gaunt
#Cecily Neville, 1415 - 1495, 4th daughter of Joan - married Richard Plantagenet (generation 36 of main line)
Elizabeth Woodville's descent
Elizabeth Woodville, wife of Edward IV, was also a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative line;
#John of England, 1166 - 1216 (generation 27 of main line)
#Eleanor of England, 1215 - 1275, 3rd daughter of John
#Guy de Montfort, Count of Nola, 1244 - 1288, 4th son of Eleanor
#Anastasia de Montfort, b. 1274, 1st daughter of Guy de Montfort
#Roberto Orsini, Count of Nola, 1295 - 1345, son of Anastasia
#Nicolas Orsini, 1331 - 1399, son of Roberto
#Sueva Orsini, 1366 - 1422, daughter of Nicholas
#Margaret de Baux, 1384 - 1469, daughter of Sueva
#Jacquetta of Luxembourg, 1415 - 1472, 1st daughter of Margaret
#Elizabeth Woodville, 1437 - 1492, daughter of Jacquetta - married Edward IV (generation 37 of main line)
Henry Tudor's descent
Henry Tudor, husband of Elizabeth of York, was a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative line;
#Edward III of England, 1312 - 1377 (generation 31 of main line)
#John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 1340 - 1399, 4th son of Edward III
#John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset, 1373 - 1410, 6th son of John of Gaunt
#John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset, 1404 - 1444, 2nd son of John Beaufort
#Margaret Beaufort, 1443 - 1509, 1st daughter of John Beaufort
#Henry VII of England, 1457 - 1509, 1st son of Margaret Beaufort - married Elizabeth of York (generation 38 of main line)
James IV's descent
James IV of Scotland, husband of Margaret Tudor, was a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative line;
#Edward III of England, 1312 - 1377 (generation 31 of main line)
#John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 1340 - 1399, 4th son of Edward III
#John Beaufort, 1st Earl of Somerset, 1373 - 1410, 6th son of John of Gaunt
#Joan Beaufort, Queen of Scotland, 1404 - 1445, 1st daughter of John Beaufort
#James II of Scotland, 1430 - 1460, 2nd son of Joan Beaufort
#James III of Scotland, 1452 - 1488, 2nd son of James II
#James IV of Scotland, 1473 - 1513, 1st son of James III - married Margaret Tudor (generation 39 of main line)
Mary of Guise's descent
Mary of Guise, wife of James V, was a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative line;
#Henry II of England (generation 26 of main line)
#Leonora of England, 1162 - 1214, 2nd daughter of Henry II
#Blanche of Castile, 1188 - 1252, 3rd daughter of Leonora of England
#Louis IX of France, 1214 - 1270, 4th son of Blanche of Castile
#Robert, Count of Clermont, 1256 - 1317, 6th son of Louis IX
#Louis I, Duke of Bourbon, 1279 - 1342, 1st son of Robert
#James I, Count of La Marche, 1319 - 1362, 4th son of Louis I
#John I, Count of La Marche, 1344 - 1393, 2nd son of James I
#Louis, Count of Vendôme, 1376 - 1446, 2nd son of John I
#Jean VIII, Count of Vendôme, 1428 - 1477, 1st son of Louis
#François, Count of Vendôme, 1470 - 1495, 1st son of Jean VIII
#Antoinette de Bourbon, 1493 - 1583, 1st daughter of François
#Mary of Guise, 1515 - 1560, 1st daughter of Antoinette - married James V of Scotland (generation 40 of main line)
Henry Stuart's descent
Henry Stuart, husband of Mary I, was a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative line;
#Margaret Tudor, 1489 - 1541 (generation 39 of main line)
#Margaret Douglas, 1515 - 1578, 3rd daughter of Margaret Tudor
#Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, 1545 - 1567, 1st son of Margaret Douglas - married Mary I of Scotland (generation 41 of main line)
Anne of Denmark's descent
Anne of Denmark, wife of James I, was a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative line;
#John of England, 1166 - 1216 (generation 27 of main line)
#Isabella of England, 1214 - 1241, 1st daughter of John
#Margaret of Sicily, 1237 - 1270, 2nd daughter of Isabella
#Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen, 1257 - 1323, 1st son of Margaret
#Frederick II, Margrave of Meissen, 1310 - 1349, 2nd son of Frederick I
#Elisabeth of Meissen, 1329 - 1375, 1st daughter of Frederick II
#Frederick I, Elector of Brandenburg, 1371 - 1440, 2nd son of Elisabeth
#John, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach, 1406 - 1464, 1st son of Frederick I
#Dorothea of Brandenburg, 1430 - 1495, 3rd daughter of John
#Frederick I of Denmark, 1471 - 1533, 4th son of Dorothea
#Christian III of Denmark, 1503 - 1559, 1st son of Frederick I
#Frederick II of Denmark, 1534 - 1588, 1st son of Christian III
#Anne of Denmark, 1574 - 1619, 2nd daughter of Frederick II - married James I of England/VI of Scotland (generation 42 of main line)
Frederick V's descent
Frederick V, wife of Elizabeth of Bohemia, was a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative line;
#Edward III of England, 1312 - 1377 (generation 31 of main line)
#John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, 1340 - 1399, 4th son of Edward III
#Philippa of Lancaster, 1360 - 1415, 1st daughter of John of Gaunt
#Edward of Portugal, 1391 - 1438, 2nd son of Philippa of Lancaster
#Eleanor of Portugal, Holy Roman Empress, 1434 - 1467, 3rd daughter of Edward
#Kunigunde of Austria, 1465 - 1520, 2nd daughter of Eleanor
#Susanna of Bavaria, 1502 - 1543, 5th daughter of Kunigunde
#Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach, 1519 - 1567, daughter of Susanna
#Louis VI, Elector Palatine, 1539 - 1583, 1st son of Marie
#Frederick IV, Elector Palatine, 4th son of Louis VI
#Frederick V, Elector Palatine, 1596 - 1632, 1st son of Frederick IV - married Elizabeth of Bohemia (generation 43 of main line)
Ernest, Elector of Hanover's descent
Ernest, Elector of Hanover, husband of Sophia of Hanover, was a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative line;
#Christian III of Denmark, 1503 - 1559 (generation 11 of )
#Dorothea of Denmark, 1546 - 1617, 2nd daughter of christian III
#George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, 1582 - 1641, 6th son of Dorothea
#Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover, 1629 - 1698, 4th son of George - married Sophia of Hanover (generation 44 of main line)
Sophia of Celle's descent
Sophia of Celle, wife of George I, was a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative line;
#George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, 1582 - 1641 (generation 3 of )
#George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, 1624 - 1705, 2nd son of George
#Sophia Dorothea of Celle, 1666 - 1726, daughter of George William - married George I of Great Britain (generation 45 of main line)
Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach's descent
Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach, wife of George II, was a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative line;
#Marie of Brandenburg-Kulmbach, 1519 - 1567 (generation 8 of )
#Dorothea Susanne of Simmern, 1544 - 1592, daughter of Marie
#John II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar, 1570 - 1605, 2nd son of Dorothea
#Wilhelm, Duke of Saxe-Weimar, 1598 - 1662, 5th son of John II
#John George I, Duke of Saxe-Eisenach, 1634 - 1686, 5th son of Wilhelm
#Eleanor of Saxe-Eisenach, 1662 - 1696, 1st daughter of John George I
#Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach, 1683 - 1737, daughter of Eleanor - married George II of Great Britain (generation 46 of main line)
Augusta of Saxe-Gotha's descent
Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, wife of Frederick, Prince of Wales, was a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative line;
#John II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar, 1570 - 1605 (generation 3 of )
#Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha, 1601 - 1675, 9th son of John II
#Frederick I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, 1646 - 1691, 4th son of Ernest I
#Frederick II, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, 1676 - 1732, 1st son of Frederick I
#Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, 1719 - 1772, 6th daughter of Frederick II - married Frederick, Prince of Wales (generation 47 of main line)
Alexandra of Denmark's descent
Alexandra of Denmark, wife of Edward VII, was a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative line;
#George II of Great Britain, 1683 - 1760 (generation 46 of main line)
#Princess Mary of Great Britain, 1723 - 1772, 4th daughter of George II
#Landgrave Charles of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel), 1744 - 1836, 3rd son of Mary
#Landgravine Louise Caroline of Hesse-Kassel, 1789 - 1867, 3rd daughter of Charles
#Christian IX of Denmark, 1818 - 1906, 5th son of Louise
#Alexandra of Denmark, 1844 - 1925, 1st daughter of Christian IX - married Edward VII of the United Kingdom (generation 51 of main line)
Mary of Teck's descent
Mary of Teck, wife of George V, was a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative line;
#George III of Great Britain, 1738 - 1820 (generation 48 of main line)
#Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, 1774 - 1850, 7th son of George III
#Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge, 1833 - 1897, 2nd daughter of Adolphus
#Mary of Teck, 1867 - 1953, 1st daughter of Mary Adelaide - married George V of the United Kingdom (generation 52 of main line)
Duke of Edinburgh's descent
Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, husband of Elizabeth II, was a descendant of Arnulf by the following alternative lines;
#Victoria of the United Kingdom, 1819 - 1901 (generation 50 of main line)
#Princess Alice of the United Kingdom, 1843 - 1878, 2nd daughter of Victoria
#Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine, 1863 - 1950, 1st daughter of Alice
#Princess Alice of Battenberg, 1885 - 1969, 1st daughter of Victoria
#Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, b. 1921, 1st son of Alice - married Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom (generation 54 of main line)
or
#Christian IX of Denmark, 1818 - 1906 (generation 5 of )
#George I of Greece, 1845 - 1913, 2nd son of Christian IX
#Prince Andrew of Greece, 1882 - 1944, 4th son of George I
#Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, b. 1921, 1st son of Andrew - married Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom (generation 54 of main line)

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